...Because of these past rules, many water and energy pipeline operators with vintage pipelines still have an inventory of legacy cased crossings that need to be monitored and maintained. This paper will explore the approaches for casings utilized by Water pipelines and Energy pipelines. DISCUSSION...

...Abstract Failure of water/wastewater mains can result in high visibility repairs, customer inconvenience, and replacement costs. Preventive measures such as condition assessment for early recognition of corrosion in aging infrastructures is crucial for agencies from resiliency, safety...

.... pipeline natural environment atmosphere soil water oil gas corrosion fire explosion contamination diagnostic INTRODUCTION Worldwide experience shows that existing corrosion protection systems (coatings, cathodic protection systems (CPS), and their combination) can guarantee an expected...

...Abstract This paper investigated the effects of eight dissolved species concentrations on corrosion of carbon steel in water. Short term electrochemical experimental measurements indicated that the corrosion mechanisms of carbon steel in brackish water are uniform and pitting corrosion...

...To improve the test methodology, following actions were conducted. As shown in Figure 1 , a digital pressure gauge was applied to monitor and control the pressure of added O₂ gas and CO₂ stream. A specific apparatus was designed for delivering water into the autoclave...

.... For aluminum alloys in contact with water-free alcohol blended fuels, a chemical corrosion at high temperatures is of special interest, the so called alkoxide or dry corrosion. Previous investigations reveal that the temperature has to be regarded as the key element controlling the possibility of dry corrosion...

... dissolution rate is reduced only by a factor of 2 to 3, which still leaves corrosion rates on the order of 1 to 2 mm/y. Recently the corrosion of carbon steel (X65) has been investigated in water-saturated scCO₂ and scCO₂-saturated water in 24h experiments at 50°C under 4, 6 and 8...

...Recorded results were based on time to first wetness of the back side of the wall, maximum percent area of wetness, and the volume of water collected on the flashing. Results are tabulated in Table 1 . Note that the inconsistencies that occurred in tests 1 and 5 likely altered the results of those...

... μm ( Tab. 3 , p. 7). Inhibitors Abstract Rotated cage corrosion experiments (4 m/s) were performed with flat coupons of 2 carbon steels (38Mn6/C75, X65) and 3 corrosion resistant alloys [X20Cr13, X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462, duplex) and X1NiCrMoCu 25-20-5 (1.4539; alloy 904L)] in water saturated...

...According to oil sands mine operators contacted as part of this project, the principal challenge of oil sands mining is meeting production target. As such, water based processes e.g. hydrotransport that are used to prepare the oil sands for separation (sand, water and bitumen) are critical. Any...

...Corrosion in Chlorides Alloy 865 was also evaluated in various water environments contaminated with chlorides and other ionic species to determine its resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. Pitting as well as crevice corrosion resistance is often predicted using...

...Water samples were collected using a Niskin bottle or just a plastic bottle for the upstream point. The water samples were stored in a plastic bottle (Nalgene) at 4°C. The filtrations were performed immediately in the field through a 0.45 μm cellulose acetate disposable filter and acidified...

... in oilsands. For instance, a value of 0.25 means that the effective amount of chloride in oilsands is 75% of the amount given by mine planning (clinoile). A reduced chloride level will result in a reduction in the chloride in Extraction streams including water leaving extraction, connate water, bitumen...

... resistance conductivity oil water two-phase flow monitoring image analysis INTRODUCTION Measurements of electrochemical noise (EN), that is current and potential fluctuations, in multiphase electrolytes have been carried out by several groups for monitoring corrosion processes. ^{1 - 7} Even...

...The effects of flow on corrosion of carbon steel in oil and gas production are numerous. Before going into any detail, it is noted that the primary parameters in any corrosion assessment are the presence of free water and the level of corrodents, like CO₂, H₂S, organic acids...

...Abstract This paper describes an experimental study of water transport through concrete via electro osmosis - the forced movement of water though a porous material due to an external electric field. A basic understanding of this behavior is necessary in order to effectively apply several...

... of Masonry Items ( Leningrad , Mashinostroenie , 1986 ), p. 128 Abstract Cathodic protection methods, coatings and corrosion inhibitors can be efficiently employed to inhibit the corrosion of steel in oil and water storage tanks. This paper describes new technology, which makes possible effective...

... possible local separation of water phase and the corresponding influence of the corrosion in regions when recirculation zones exist. Material loss and water wetting measurements The material loss due to corrosion was continuously measured with a radioactive technique similar to the set-up described...

...A test program ¹ has therefore been carried out to investigate the corrosion fatigue performance of armor steel in de-oxygenated water containing carbon dioxide. The test was designed to simulate the case when the annulus is water wet. The results showed a significant reduction...

...Corrosion chromium inhibitor steel water INTRODUCTION The toxicity of chromate compounds ¹ and the consequential disposal difficulties have made it imperative for researchers to investigate the use of alternate compounds as inhibitors for carbon steel in water cooling applications...