.... which normally would not initiate pitting corrosion on super duplex material. Once the corrosion pit has initiated the corrosion reaction causes a very low pH value in the pit and the corrosion process becomes self-sustained. The corrosion process will also develop hydrogen that may promote crack growth...

... are discussed, as is the need for supplementary testing, in particular quantitative microstructural evaluation. super duplex welding shielding gas backing gas heat input microstructure corrosion resistance weld procedure qualification welding guidelines INTRODUCTION For many development of a Welding...

... for nitrogen and attainment of intragranular nitride free microstructural state. castings corrosion resistant alloys super duplex intragranular nitrides INTRODUCTION Corrosion resistant alloys (CRA) are increasingly being used to combat the presence of corrosive species in process fluids encountered...

...) analysis. It is shown that the centrifugally cast superduplex alloy pipe meets the property requirements of the industry standards. Centrifugal casting corrosion resistant alloys super duplex line pipe upstream oil and gas INTRODUCTION Table 3 Specified mechanical properties at elevated temperatures...

... the product and increase availability (supply). These are growing pains that need to be understood or users will either waste money or never develop new products. Duplex Super Duplex Lean Duplex Availability Performance Cost Surcharge INTRODUCTION Duplex stainless steel usage has increased drastically...

... such as duplex stainless steel (UNS S32205), super duplex stainless steel (UNS S32507) as well as Alloy 625 (UNS N06625) without any strength reducing heat treatment. The corrosion resistant performance of rolled lined pipes is a result of the excellent mechanical bonding with high gripping force between...

... testing of various super duplex bar stock at various H₂S - chlorides and temperature in CO₂ environment is reported. Impact value requirements, welding issues and special consideration required for these alloys for completion equipment is discussed. Modified 13Cr and Super Duplex Oil...

... deaeration equipment will result in weight savings and reduced operating costs for offshore platforms. nickel base alloys super duplex crevice corrosion chlorination natural seawater INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was: Electrochemical data were collected about 15 minutes after the batch shock...

... and chlorinated seawater injection environment. chlorination galvanic super duplex seawater corrosion resistance INTRODUCTION Testing was performed in natural seawater and seawater subjected to 'batch' sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl, (once-daily) treatment. In addition, testing is currently underway to evaluate...

... cleaning systems: low pH, high temperature and high chloride levels. The results are discussed in terms of technical efficiency and potential applications. super duplex super austenitic weld pollution control FGD scrubber operation INTRODUCTION To reduce the air pollution caused by fossil energy...

...Abstract The use of duplex and super duplex stainless steels has increased over the last fifteen years. Since the improvement of their weldability, the use of duplex grades has grown dramatically in many fields such as pulp and paper industry, PVC fabrication, phosphoric acid production, chemical...