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Keywords: stress
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Proceedings Papers
A Novel Method for the Enhanced Kill of Sulfate Reducing Microorganisms
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... with the inhibitor, nitrite, or other respiratory inhibitor, results in a reduction in cellular ATP of the SRM creating a sublethal stress response allowing for their enhanced kill upon subsequent biocide addition. nitrite biocide stress cATP SRM oxyanions sequential injection inhibitor INTRODUCTION Sulfate...
Proceedings Papers
Case Studies of Corrosion Failures Due to Poor Design and Non-Optimized Materials Selection
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... be prevented by either design or proper materials selection. Materials Selection Heat Exchangers Fixed Tubesheet Stress Design Crack INTRODUCTION Materials selection is very critical for the reliability of the asset. Equipment design also plays an important role in optimizing the use of materials...
Proceedings Papers
Failures of Brass Components in Water and Steam Systems
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... to mitigate the damage that occurred in each case. Brass copper zinc alpha beta phase dezincification dealloying free cutting lead continuous caster nozzle condenser tube plug heat trace fitting stress corrosion cracking tubesheet valve INTRODUCTION Alpha-beta brass fittings...
Proceedings Papers
Improved Methodology for Identification of Buried Casings Using Indirect Inspection Method
Available to PurchaseS. McDonnell, J. Tolentino, C. Onuoha, P. Paulson, E. Pozniak, M. Wegner, G. Zinter, V. Shankar, T. Ross, W. Sim
... on the change in the magnetic field on the pipe. This paper will present results from previous inspections and share visuals of final processed data. Indirect Inspection Direct Assessment Casing Villari Effect Magnetic memory Stress Pipeline Integrity AC Voltage Gradient ACCA Insulation INTRODUCTION...
Proceedings Papers
Application of Statistical Modeling of Pipeline Corrosion Defects
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... Magnetic Flux Leakage Ultrasonic Stress Sentencing Plot Modified B31G Corrosion Growth Rate Shape Rate Maximum Likelihood Estimation Nucleation Propagation Re-passivation Axial Grooving Axial Slotting Circumferential Grooving Circumferential Slotting General Pinhole Pitting Pipeline...
Proceedings Papers
Improved Understanding of Test Variables in the NACE Tensile Test
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...Within the test period the applied stress increases due to a decrease of the specimen diameter caused by corrosion of the specimen. In a proof-ring, a sustained-load device, this increase of the applied stress is reduced by relaxation of the spring force (a decrease of the applied load). A test...
Proceedings Papers
Corrosion Resistance of Various Glass Fiber Reinforcements
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...-free E-glass. corrosion composite stress glass fiber glass fibre E-glass R-glass boron-free INTRODUCTION Glass fiber is the primary reinforcement used in polymeric corrosion resistant structures due to its mechanical properties, low cost, and resistance to corrosion. Glass containers are used...
Proceedings Papers
Stress Related Boiler Failures
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...Abstract Applied and residual stresses significantly contribute to corrosion and cracking mechanisms. In some situations stresses are the primary cause of damage or failure. In such cases, mitigation of corrosion or cracking may require changes in operating practice or design that will reduce...
Proceedings Papers
Fiber Reinforced Crack Resistant Epoxy Coatings
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... to cracking. Stress strain analysis showed significant improvement in both tensile strength and elongation. Thermal cyclic test showed that fibers significantly inhibit the propagation of cracks. Synthetic mineral fibers were found to give the best performance of the tested fibers. No adverse effects on anti...
Proceedings Papers
Failure of a Subsea Super Duplex Manifold Hub by HISC and Implications for Design
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... ingress due to cathodic protection and high mechanical loads, which led to hydrogen induced stress cracking (HISC) from the external surface. Stress concentration points on the external surface provided initiation sites and the forged stainless steel exhibited a duplex microstructure that was not immune...
Proceedings Papers
Performance Testing Methods for Offshore Coatings: Cyclic, EIS and Stress
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... cannot satisfy the rapidly growing industry need for shorter-term tests. More information is needed to characterize each cycle and its components with respect to stresses generated in the coating film during exposure. The combination of cyclic exposures with rapid nondestructive testing methods...
Proceedings Papers
Developing a Methodology for Performance Evaluation of Metallic Thermal Spray Coatings for Oil and Gas Industry Service
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... and on/off cycles, designed for hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide removal from hydrocarbon fluids. The test methodology was based on observations derived from a series of tests where variables such as stress cycles, pressure cycles, environment chemistry, and stress risers were investigated. The resulting...
Proceedings Papers
The Design of Masonry/Plastic Lining Composite Structures
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...linings acid brick masonry linings lining design membrane stress temperature gradients corrosion control INTRODUCTION To properly select and design corrosion resistant linings for process equipment, the chemical process itself must be thoroughly and accurately defined. The process...
Proceedings Papers
Initiation of SCC on Gas Transmission Pipelines in Related Cracking Environments
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..., beyond some critical spacing, neighboring cracks no longer shield each other from the effects of the applied stress( 4 ). Once free of stress shielding by their neighbors, which occurs in an analytical setting at a critical circumferential spacing( 4 ), cracking becomes rather...
Proceedings Papers
Delayed Hydride Cracking of Zirconium Alloys
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... of residual stresses from welding and the sharp notch at the weld upset generated the required stress gradient for DHC to occur. CANDU reactors are pressure-tube-type reactors. Originally, zircaloy tubes were employed Cold-worked Zr-2.5Nb alloy with a design stress of 158 MPa at 300°C has become the standard...
Proceedings Papers
Effect of Environmental and Metallurgical Factors on Full Ring Test
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... estimated from the full ring test results will show an excellent resistance in the actual environment. full ring test linepipe circumferential welding stress hydrogen permeation hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) INTRODUCTION Small coupon tests such as NACE TM0284 or NACE TM0177 have been accepted...
Proceedings Papers
Sulphide Stress Cracking Susceptibility of C/Mn and Cr/Mo Steels in Repair Welding
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... numerous failures during construction and during service. Sulphide stress cracking (SSC) failure in welded structures often occurs in the weld metal and heat-affected zone (HAZ); the rapid heating and cooling during welding produces a hardened microstructure and residual stresses, which makes these regions...
Proceedings Papers
Deposit-Related Boiler Failures - Case Histories
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... by internal deposits. Failure mechanisms include caustic corrosion, hydrogen damage, stress corrosion cracking, overheating, contamination, and liquid metal embrittlement. Components include tubing from economizers, water walls, generating banks, superheaters, and reheaters. deposit boiler failure caustic...
Proceedings Papers
Stress-Assisted Corrosion in Boilers
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...Abstract The mechanism of stress-assisted corrosion in boiler waterside environments is discussed. Case histories are presented to illustrate this mechanism. These case histories describe corrosion associated with stresses imparted by original tube forming or bending operations and by welds...
Proceedings Papers
The Applicability of Duplex Stainless Steels in Sour Environments
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...Figure 3 shows similar results from SSRT of 22Cr duplex stainless steel (UNS S31803). In this case the tendency to SCC is not directly related to the strain rate. Furthermore, the curves are almost identical and very similar to tests in inert (oil) environment up to high stresses in the vicinity...