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Proceedings Papers

... with the inhibitor, nitrite, or other respiratory inhibitor, results in a reduction in cellular ATP of the SRM creating a sublethal stress response allowing for their enhanced kill upon subsequent biocide addition. nitrite biocide stress cATP SRM oxyanions sequential injection inhibitor INTRODUCTION Sulfate...
Proceedings Papers

... be prevented by either design or proper materials selection. Materials Selection Heat Exchangers Fixed Tubesheet Stress Design Crack INTRODUCTION Materials selection is very critical for the reliability of the asset. Equipment design also plays an important role in optimizing the use of materials...
Proceedings Papers

... to mitigate the damage that occurred in each case. Brass copper zinc alpha beta phase dezincification dealloying free cutting lead continuous caster nozzle condenser tube plug heat trace fitting stress corrosion cracking tubesheet valve INTRODUCTION Alpha-beta brass fittings...
Proceedings Papers

... on the change in the magnetic field on the pipe. This paper will present results from previous inspections and share visuals of final processed data. Indirect Inspection Direct Assessment Casing Villari Effect Magnetic memory Stress Pipeline Integrity AC Voltage Gradient ACCA Insulation INTRODUCTION...
Proceedings Papers

... Magnetic Flux Leakage Ultrasonic Stress Sentencing Plot Modified B31G Corrosion Growth Rate Shape Rate Maximum Likelihood Estimation Nucleation Propagation Re-passivation Axial Grooving Axial Slotting Circumferential Grooving Circumferential Slotting General Pinhole Pitting Pipeline...
Proceedings Papers

...Within the test period the applied stress increases due to a decrease of the specimen diameter caused by corrosion of the specimen. In a proof-ring, a sustained-load device, this increase of the applied stress is reduced by relaxation of the spring force (a decrease of the applied load). A test...
Proceedings Papers

...-free E-glass. corrosion composite stress glass fiber glass fibre E-glass R-glass boron-free INTRODUCTION Glass fiber is the primary reinforcement used in polymeric corrosion resistant structures due to its mechanical properties, low cost, and resistance to corrosion. Glass containers are used...
Proceedings Papers

...Abstract Applied and residual stresses significantly contribute to corrosion and cracking mechanisms. In some situations stresses are the primary cause of damage or failure. In such cases, mitigation of corrosion or cracking may require changes in operating practice or design that will reduce...
Proceedings Papers

... to cracking. Stress strain analysis showed significant improvement in both tensile strength and elongation. Thermal cyclic test showed that fibers significantly inhibit the propagation of cracks. Synthetic mineral fibers were found to give the best performance of the tested fibers. No adverse effects on anti...
Proceedings Papers

... ingress due to cathodic protection and high mechanical loads, which led to hydrogen induced stress cracking (HISC) from the external surface. Stress concentration points on the external surface provided initiation sites and the forged stainless steel exhibited a duplex microstructure that was not immune...
Proceedings Papers

... cannot satisfy the rapidly growing industry need for shorter-term tests. More information is needed to characterize each cycle and its components with respect to stresses generated in the coating film during exposure. The combination of cyclic exposures with rapid nondestructive testing methods...
Proceedings Papers

...linings acid brick masonry linings lining design membrane stress temperature gradients corrosion control INTRODUCTION To properly select and design corrosion resistant linings for process equipment, the chemical process itself must be thoroughly and accurately defined. The process...
Proceedings Papers

..., beyond some critical spacing, neighboring cracks no longer shield each other from the effects of the applied stress( 4 ). Once free of stress shielding by their neighbors, which occurs in an analytical setting at a critical circumferential spacing( 4 ), cracking becomes rather...
Proceedings Papers

... of residual stresses from welding and the sharp notch at the weld upset generated the required stress gradient for DHC to occur. CANDU reactors are pressure-tube-type reactors. Originally, zircaloy tubes were employed Cold-worked Zr-2.5Nb alloy with a design stress of 158 MPa at 300°C has become the standard...
Proceedings Papers

... estimated from the full ring test results will show an excellent resistance in the actual environment. full ring test linepipe circumferential welding stress hydrogen permeation hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) INTRODUCTION Small coupon tests such as NACE TM0284 or NACE TM0177 have been accepted...
Proceedings Papers

... numerous failures during construction and during service. Sulphide stress cracking (SSC) failure in welded structures often occurs in the weld metal and heat-affected zone (HAZ); the rapid heating and cooling during welding produces a hardened microstructure and residual stresses, which makes these regions...
Proceedings Papers

... by internal deposits. Failure mechanisms include caustic corrosion, hydrogen damage, stress corrosion cracking, overheating, contamination, and liquid metal embrittlement. Components include tubing from economizers, water walls, generating banks, superheaters, and reheaters. deposit boiler failure caustic...
Proceedings Papers

...Abstract The mechanism of stress-assisted corrosion in boiler waterside environments is discussed. Case histories are presented to illustrate this mechanism. These case histories describe corrosion associated with stresses imparted by original tube forming or bending operations and by welds...
Proceedings Papers

...Figure 3 shows similar results from SSRT of 22Cr duplex stainless steel (UNS S31803). In this case the tendency to SCC is not directly related to the strain rate. Furthermore, the curves are almost identical and very similar to tests in inert (oil) environment up to high stresses in the vicinity...