...Souring Minimum Cidal Concentration (MCC) Sulfide Biocide INTRODUCTION Microbial contamination in oil and gas applications results in a variety of problems in drilling fluids, hydraulic fracturing fluids, water flooding, pipelines, and storage tanks. The primary microorganisms of concern...

...Abstract Seawater injection into oil reservoirs for secondary oil recovery is frequently accompanied by souring. Souring causes various problems, such as microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and deterioration of crude oil. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are considered to be major players...

... mitigation strategy, operators first need to identify the main source of iron in the system. Establishing the main source of Fe²⁺ in higher temperature sour wells where iron sulphide and iron carbonate are formed can be problematic. Many fields do not have reliable formation water composition...

...Impact of bacterial composition on nitrate effectiveness on sulfide control Abstract Controlling reservoir souring is critical to successful production and asset protection in hydrocarbon recovery. Nitrate injection has been used in water flooding for controlling biogenic sulfide in oil...

... of bacteria to protect the fracturing fluid and also the newly opened fracture faces from biofilm growth. THPS subsequently prevents souring caused by biogenic hydrogen sulfide and affords holistic control and dissolution of iron sulfide. ⁶ Abstract Hydraulic fracturing, used in unconventional...

... been investigated using optimised levels of THPS and polymeric additive. THPS Tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate hydraulic fracturing EOR polymer floods friction reducer polyacrylamide guar slickwater gel frac on-the-fly souring schmoo iron sulfide INTRODUCTION Deployment...

...(1) Worked for ExxonMobil Production Co.(Houston, Texas) at time of this assessment Abstract It is very common for oil and gas production facilities to observe an increase in H₂S concentration with time due to reservoir souring. In these cases, it is critical to assess if all...

...Abstract Seawater injection into oil reservoirs for secondary oil recovery is frequently accompanied by souring (increased sulfide concentrations). Production of hydrogen sulfide causes various problems, such as microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), deterioration of crude oil. Sulfate...

... . Abstract Reservoir Souring is the unplanned production of increased concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in well-stream fluids from production wells that are subjected to water-injection. The consequences of souring with respect to safety, corrosion and environmental risk can be significant...

...Abstract Pressurised sand filled bioreactors have been used to create realistic physiochemical conditions to investigate chemical dosing for the control of oilfield reservoir souring. In a simulation of water injection and wellbore conditions, Molecular Microbiological Methods (MMM) were used...

... of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and acid-producing bacteria (APB) can lead to operational issues including: 1) biogenic sulfide production and formation souring, 2) plugging from iron sulfide scale production, 3) microbially influenced corrosion (MIC), and 4) premature degradation of fracturing fluids...

... requirements and future as well as present operating conditions. Materials of construction were re-assessed for compliance with ISO 15156/NACE MR01 75², given the increasingly sour production conditions due to field souring. This publication discusses the issues described above, and the changes...

... phosphonium compound tributyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride TTPC surface activity biofilm biofouling souring microbiologically influenced corrosion MIC INTRODUCTION Biofilms can be defined as the accumulation of microorganisms on a surface. The microorganisms excrete a polysaccharide-based matrix...

... compared to the untreated control ¹⁴ . Treatment with nitrite was found to be even more effective. Rempel et al. ¹⁵ measured the effects of souring control through NR-SOB-mediated sulfide oxidation on electrochemically determined corrosion rates and found rates to be transiently high...

...Abstract Microbicide and nitrate are applied, either alone or in combination, in many seawater injection systems as controls to mitigate microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) or reservoir souring or both. Dosing strategies vary widely from field to field. In some fields this may be due...

... and oxygen scavengers and has excellent thermal stability which makes it broadly applicable to oilfield water systems. biocide quaternary phosphonium compound tributyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride TTPC surface activity compatibility biofouling souring microbiologically influenced corrosion MIC...

...Abstract This paper presents an overview of the impact of potential future reservoir souring and associated H₂S production on the design decisions that must be made during the development of a deepwater production asset. The problem is inherently one of decision making under uncertainty...

... mechanisms of materials used to fabricate the major hardware items for transporting and injecting the raw seawater. The consequence of reservoir souring of the production system is also discussed. Non-metallic materials are the preferred materials selection for the corrosive seawater service. However...

...It is clear from FIGURE 1 that the nature and concentration of degradable oil organics should be a major determinant of souring. In addition to v olatile f atty a cids (VFA, e.g. acetate, propionate, butyrate), SRB and hNRB can use low molecular mass aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons...

...Abstract Despite the fact that it has long been recognised that microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) and reservoir souring is directly linked to the development of bacterial biofilms, the sessile bacteria that produce these biofilms are still not always monitored. This paper discusses...