... surface. After degreasing samples were subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging at ambient temperature, with the same test solution and current density as was used for permeation tests. In addition, the test solution was constantly deareated with N2 during charging. After the charging period...

... polarization tests in substituted NACE TM0177 A test solution, where H₂S bubbling was replaced by thiosulfate additions (i.e., Tsujikawa Method). Hydrogen permeation tests were conducted in a Devanathan-Stachurski cell, to evaluate the effect of nickel on the hydrogen diffusion. Additionally, slow...

... is investigated for an industrial X52MS line pipe steel in terms of hydrogen ingress and surface modification. The former is studied via permeation and interrupted testing with direct hydrogen measurements while the later is studied via Electron Probe MicroAnalyzer (EPMA), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X...

... isolation capabilities^{( 13 )}. With pressure, the “leak to seal” design of GRE faced, metal cored gaskets can absorb water reducing the isolating properties (see table 2 below). While the design of a metal cored gasket eliminates potential issues with permeation from ID to OD, it can in turn lower...

... measurement, which enables readings to be taken from up to four external probes sequentially, within a short time cycle. Prospective applications of the new tool will be discussed in the context of the results presented, such as for hydrogen bake out monitoring. hydrogen permeation flux HIC naphthenic...

...electrochemical impedance disbonding epoxy cathodic disbonding permeation pore of resistance INTRODUCTION A research as need arises from the operation in oilfield, where fluids are produced with temperatures above 120°C, the soil around the buried pipeline has a lower temperature...

... will be presented on the different types of applications. Finally, six cases will be presented. One of the cases will be desulfurization of flue gas at high temperatures. Fluoroplastics coating processes corrosion protection non-stick permeation Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is the most well known fluorplastic...

... to monitor the permeation of Fuel C across the laminate into the aqueous environment. Findings to date show that after 37 months of exposure, a 1 mm thick isophathic laminate indicates no permeation of Reference Fuel C across the laminate into the adjacent environment. Permeation thermoset isophthalic...

... control of the pipeline corrosion. pipeline coating cathodic protection corrosion crevice permeation INTRODUCTION Corrosion of metals is an electrochemical process. To prevent or mitigate corrosion of underground pipelines, a combination of CP and a barrier coating are generally used. CP works...

...flue gas desulfurization (FGD) plants water solutions water vapor permeation polymer lining systems blistering resistance INTRODUCTION In scrubber heads, and also outlet ducts, water vapor saturated, corrosive gases are found. Due to these service conditions, it is necessary to use corrosion...

... behind permeation and can not be evaluated by immersed coupon testing. The ASTM C-868 cell tested is limited to atmospheric test conditions which invariably limits the temperatures at which tests can be run. This manufacturer has adapted the C868 procedure to allow for a steam cell test in order...

... aqueous corrosion scenarios of industrial interest which induce hydrogen permeation through steel at 20-25 °C, and which are therefore amenable to hydrogen flux monitoring of steel corrosion at ambient temperatures. Initially, it was established that hydrogen flux exiting steel as a result of corrosion...

...The next experiment was set up identically with the exception that two Plate B’s were used. One Plate B was metalized using the same installer and coating system as used in the rich amine flash drum. Results from permeation monitoring during the test are shown in Figure 3 . Figure 4 shows...

...Abstract These first explicit measurements of permeation on thin membranes have so far raised more questions than they have answered. In particular, thin membranes demand more accurate measuring techniques, and a simple transposition of the methods employed for thick membranes is not always...

...steel hydrogen charging internal hydrogen external hydrogen hydrogen stress cracking H₂S sulfide stress cracking permeation INTRODUCTION The new mechanisms for hydrogen charging and hydrogen stress cracking recalled in Part I of the present study ¹ have been proposed...

...DISCUSSION The objective of the project was to develop a fast response hydrogen permeation probe to allow process engineers to control the plant in order to “real time monitor”, and ultimately, avoid H₂S damage to the carbon steel refinery equipment. The probe specification included EIS...

.... The consequences on permeation measurements and their interpretation are then discussed. In particular, the coexistence of charging and degassing radically modifies permeation conditions, with the need to separate thick membranes, for which the concentration c₀ beneath the entry face is constant...

... Alloy 600 tubing (0.18” ID). The outer diameter of this tubing was turned down to 0.24” in an effort to reduce the permeation distance (i.e., permeation distance of 0.03”). The material composition of the Alloy 600 tubing is provided in Table 1 . The reduced diameter Alloy 600 tubing...

... then lead to a stress dependent cracking process. These assumptions are so far the only ones compatible with all the experimental data. However, they raise many basic questions, such as the role of pH, CO₂ and HAc, the need for a new type of permeation test, and the relationship between...

...Abstract In this paper a correlation is established between the values of SSC threshold stress (K_ISSC) and hydrogen permeation fluxes obtained using an electrochemical technique. The susceptibility of a high-strength steel to sulfide stress cracking (SSC) in the presence of crude oil...