... and the likelihood of SSC. Using a combination of direct and alternate current electrochemical methods, to study the passive layer formed by UNS S31603 stainless steel, in equilibrium with a gas phase at 2.8 MPa (400 psi) containing up to 60% mol of H₂S (bal. CO₂). The results obtained...

...Passive layers on stainless steels (with at least 13% Cr) as well the modified MSS, contain chrome oxides as found by different authors, by the nature of this passive layers the Cl^- content within the brine as well the temperature should have an effect in their pitting resistance [ 17...

...Different models for the passive layer formation and breakdown of metals and alloys were proposed. ^{5 - 10} Among these models, the high field model (HFM) and the place exchange model (PEM) are the most prominent, although they do not describe passivity breakdown. ^{5 , 8}...

.... , Corrosion Science   35 , ( 1993 ): p. 57 . 26 Baroux   B. , Gorse   D. , “ The respective effects of passive films and non-metallic inclusions on the pitting resistance of stainless steels – Consequences on the pre-pitting noise and the anodic current transients , in: Modelling Aqueous...

... of steel pipelines in soils can be achieved by cathodic protection (CP) to make either passivity or immunity of the steel surface.¹ Passivation and immunity domains are depicted by potential-pH diagram presented by M. Pourbaix.² This paper elucidates the behavior of CP in passivation...

... alloy, possibly by use of an activating trace element. Another possible contributing factor was cavitation erosion on a rough surface. Thermally-sprayed aluminum seawater flow corrosion passivity erosion cathodic protection¹ INTRODUCTION Thermally sprayed aluminum (TSA) has been known...

... precursor sit es for pitting. The CPT range was 45–90°C (113–194°F). It was also found that other grains remaine d passive up to 100°C (212°F). Passivity corrosion ageing duplex stainless steel CPT XPS Auger local techniques INTRODUCTION Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) are highly important engineering...

... to their deposition at 15 mTorr exhibit lower corrosion rates than alloys that have undergone more bombardment during their deposition at 2 mTorr. The decreased corrosion rate and improved passivity are due to the lower stress in the alloy. The lower density and the resulting atomic arrangement of the alloys...

...Abstract Austenitic Stainless Steels (ASS) owns their name and applications to the phenomena of passivity. They have assumed status of a special class of materials for a variety of applications because of their excellent combination of properties at high temperature, fabric ability and possessing...

... a 3 m Ag/AgCl electrode. The electrolyte for the linear polarization measurements was a 3% NaCl solution and for impedance spectroscopy a 1 m H₂SO₄ solution. Test solutions Earlier work has shown that tools useful for determining the functional passive properties of stainless...

... practical cases involving sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and other microorganisms are critically discussed. General mechanisms for interpreting the influence of microorganisms on the protection and passivity of metals are presented. Corrosion inhibition Biofilms Biocorrosion Microbiologically influenced...

... in a mixture of 4% HF and 30 % HNO₃. Passivation was done by storing the prepared specimens in air for a given time or by immersing them into 30 % nitric acid. Passivation with citric acid was done wit a commercially available passivation solution based on citric acid. The details...

...-centered cubic (bcc) β phase. Obviously, alloying partitioning occurs in this dual phase alloy in which Al is enriched in α phase while V is enriched in β phase. The separation of alloying elements in the two constituent phases may result in differences of passivity and corrosion resistance between...

... of the chromium-rich passive film in mildly alkaline solutions where such a film was not observed. In particular, the solutions examined in this paper were originally evaluated experimentally by Chiang, et al. ⁴ to examine the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of Alloy 22. Experimental tests...

... 304 and 310 stainless steels. The thickness of the passive film before during and after hydrogen permeation was estimated using a parallel plate capacitor method. The diffusivity of hydrogen in Alloy 22 was estimated in the method outlined by ASTM standard G148-97. Alloy-22 was found...

... in the passive state as long as it is not affected by some external species. Corrosion of the pre-stressing wire in a PCCP is typically caused by the ingress of chlorides from the ground water through the concrete cover to the depth of the pre-stressing wire where the concentration ratio of chloride ions...

...Hydrofluoric acid aerated deaerated corrosion passivity potentiostatic polarization corrosion potentials stainless steels nickel alloys Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo alloys Fe-Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu alloys Fe-Ni- Cr-Cu-Mo alloys Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu alloys Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo alloys Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-Cu alloys Ni-Cr-Mo alloys Ni...

... and/or partial devitrification by low temperature heat-treatments at 100°C. However, complete recrystallization by 550°C heat treatment removed all benefits seen in amorphous variants. amorphous alloys local corrosion passivity devitrification Al-Co-Ce alloys tunable corrosion properties depassivation...

... in concrete structures is susceptible to chloride-induced corrosion. Impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) is frequently used to protect rebar against corrosion,. To take advantage of rebar passivity in concrete after ICCP is turned off, the Albany Research Center, in collaboration with the Oregon...

...The addition of 0.1 M NaCl led to passivity breakdown at 0.04 V and re-passivation at 0 V in the back scan. An earlier report gives more details. ² No other effects of chloride were observed. High chloride levels reduced the potential for passivity breakdown and localized attack...