...Reference anomalies are usually created by mechanical removal of metal or electrical discharge machining (EDM), as these methods can be very precisely controlled to create anomalies with tight tolerances on length, width and depth. These methods can be used to create metal loss anomalies...

.... Foil Oxidation Water vapor Metal loss INTRODUCTION Decreased cost and enhanced electrical efficiency (currently < 35 %) of recuperated microturbines are essential for their widespread use as power generation systems [ 1 , 2 ]. To further increase efficiency, research has been conducted towards...

... for varied ILI tool runs. Corrosion growth rate CGR in-line inspection ILI metal loss PE tape microbiological influenced corrosion (MIC) threat management re-inspection interval cathodic prediction INTRODUCTION Pipeline integrity management often includes on In-line Inspection (ILI) tools to detect...

... for this alloy in a distilled water in order to distinguish between the mechanical and electrochemical factors that contribute to metal loss. Results indicated that the mechanical factor has an over-riding role in metal loss of this alloy. Cavitation made the surface of this alloy very rough, exhibiting large...

... (CGR) is one of the key elements in corrosion threat management. It is used to determine metal loss In-Line Inspection (ILI) re-assessment interval, identify high growth features that require excavation before the next ILI and predict probability of failure of an unmitigated feature. Overestimated CGR...

... practice approaches. uncertainty measurement calibration In-line inspection (ILI) probabilistic reliability corrosion probability of failure (PoF) failure pressure prediction (FFP) metal loss integrity assessment Ultra Sonic (UT) inspection Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) inspection Non...

... phase particles lead to metal loss from the FCC matrix. The cyclic mechanical contact of the bubbles on the surface of this alloy has lead to slight ductile plastic deformation of its FCC matrix. Therefore, the cavitation-corrosion resistance of the UNS S32550 alloy can be due to its inherent matrix...

... by several orders of magnitude with respect to stagnant conditions. Another set of cavitation experiments was also carried out for this alloy in a distilled water in order to distinguish between the mechanical and electrochemical factors that contribute to metal loss. Results indicated that the mechanical...

... indicated minimal threat of internal corrosion in the pipeline. The ILI data confirmed this IC threat assessment results having no internal metal loss features. The wall thickness measurements made during anomaly investigations also indicated lack of metal loss and hence no internal corrosion. A thorough...

... of cavitation experiments was also carried out for this alloy in a nonconductive medium in order to distinguish between the mechanical and electrochemical factors that contribute to metal loss. Results indicated that the mechanical factor has an overriding role of metal loss of this alloy. Cavitation made...

... pressure, P, production fluid temperature, T_int, and subsea water temperature, T_ext, were used as variables for the numerical model for each case of metal-loss parameters. The P parameters were from 2 to 10 MPa T_int values varied from 4 to 60°C, and T_ext...

.... Another set of cavitation experiments was also carried out for this alloy in a nonconductive medium in order to distinguish between the mechanical and electrochemical factors that contribute to metal loss. Results indicated that the mechanical factor has an over riding role in metal loss of this alloy...

... experiments was also carried out for this alloy in a nonconductive medium in order to distinguish between the mechanical and electrochemical factors that contribute to metal loss. Results indicated that the mechanical factor has an over riding role in metal loss of this alloy. Cavitation made the surface...

... metal loss (LNScaledML) was found to be the best corrosion metal loss-related variable in terms of both differentiating between the nine CN shapes and in terms of the development of a predictive model for corrosion metal loss. Scaled metal loss is computed by multiplying the cumulative metal loss...

...Table 1 Sample Size Calculation Before and After Normally Distributing the In-Line Inspection Data SAMPLE SIZE USING ALL OF THE IN-LINE INSPECTION DATA (NATURAL DISTRIBUTION) Abbreviation POPULATION ANALYSIS A (% APPROACH) B (Unit approach) NF Number of reported Metal Loss...

... the analysis of data from diverse ILI tools can better define and assess pipeline anomalies. The case focuses on the evaluation of selective internal metal loss affecting the heat affected zone (HAZ) of an older vintage electric-resistance welded (ERW) pipeline and its implications on integrity management...

... collected from recurrent ultrasound inline inspections of a pipeline system. pipeline smart pig in-line inspection (ILI) ultrasound wall-thickness test metal loss corrosion integrity maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) maintenance INTRODUCTION The concept of in-line inspection (ILI...

...Abstract Corrosion is a major concern for the oil and gas industry. Pipelines are subject to internal and external agents that can cause corrosion affecting their safety, integrity, and profitability. Corrosion causes metal losses that may hamper the supply of energy and could lead to substantial...

... of the data collected by the ultrasonic tool is single transducer grading. This criterion requires that corrosion will be reported when a single transducer detects a metal loss. The data observation software for personal computers is supplied to show inspection results and measured data collected...