... for details. Abstract High-temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA) is a serious and normally service ending damage mechanism for fixed pressure equipment in the oil refining industry. During a planned routine inspection of a 30-year-old Distillate Hydrotreater reactor considerable HTHA was discovered. This paper...

... susceptibility to HTHA due to changes in operating conditions. ASSESSING THE PROBABILITY OF HYDROGEN ATTACK Determining the need for a high temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA) inspection program requires an initial evaluation of the likelihood for attack based on the operating conditions, metallurgical...

... hydrogen attack. The paper discusses the laboratory failure analyses conducted, the effects of previous "window" repairs and boiler water chemistry on the failures, the repair procedures developed for replacement tube sections to minimize future hydrogen-attack failures, and the inspection techniques used...

... steels clad internally with stainless steel. The Cr-Mo steel is chosen to prevent high temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA) and the stainless steel cladding is chosen to provide corrosion resistance. While each of the two steels adequately meet then-respective functions, the interface between the base...

... corrosion boiler tubes bark fired boilers recovery boilers hydrogen attack Pourbaix-diagrams phase predominance domain diagrams occluded cell corrosion INTRODUCTION The main morphological feature of accelerated high temperature corrosion of boiler tubes in environments contaminated with chlorine...

... Attack of Steel in Refinery Equipment" R.T. Effinger, M.L. Renquist, A. Wachter, J.G. Wilson Shell Oil Company API Division of Refining, 1951 ²⁶ The serious problem of hydrogen attack in FCC units was solved through the efforts of the entire petroleum industry. The abstract of this paper...

.... It would be useful if construction materials were coated by more corrosion resistant materials than stainless steels, then the predicted corrosion damages such as stress corrosion cracking and sulfidation attack as well as hydrogen attack could be suppressed and would be effective in increasing reliability...

... decarburization embrittlement embrittlement detector hydrogen attack hydrogen damage hydrogen embrittlement intergranular corrosion locomotive boilers riveted boilers riveted seams welded drums BOILER HISTORY AND THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF INTERGRANULAR CORROSION MECHANISMS In the United States...