... Hydrodesulfurization Hydroprocessing High Temperature Corrosion INTRODUCTION High-temperature sulfidic corrosion of carbon and low alloy steel components is a well-recognized phenomenon in petroleum refineries. Sulfidation corrosion takes place in the absence of Hydrogen by the chemical reaction of iron at carbon...

... attacked than the austenitic N08811 and that for both materials the mass loss rises with increasing H₂S content in the gas atmosphere and increasing temperature. High temperature corrosion hydrogen chloride hydrogen sulfide stainless steel INTRODUCTION Thermal cracking of anthropogenic...

... formation in CO₂/H₂S mixture environment. No obvious change in steady state corrosion rate was observed when the corrosion environment was switched from CO₂ to H₂S and vice versa. high temperature corrosion CO₂ H₂S iron oxide...

...Abstract Weld overlay has been successfully used to mitigate high temperature corrosion issues in coal-fired boilers since the1990s, such as in waterwall and superheater/reheater area. Weld overlay is typically applied in shop or field by using Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process for boiler...

... a light on different corrosion behavior of the UNS S31603 at boiling/superheated/condensation conditions which is to be expected during the heat-up and discharge period of deep drilled wells as well as working conditions (superheated). UNS S31603 high temperature corrosion simulated high temperature...

... that protects it from high temperature corrosion. In this study, the characteristics of coatings applied by the pack and slurry cementation processes, i.e., thickness, microhardness, microstructure and elemental distribution, were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), macrophotography, optical microscopy...

... hydrogen sulfide high temperature corrosion iron sulfide Fe₃O₄ Pourbaix diagram The effects of high temperature and exposure time on the H₂S corrosion kinetics and Fe_xS_y transformation sequence have been studied in previous work. ^{9 - 10}...

... temperature exposure for 10 minutes. Aluminized coupons exhibited superior oxidation resistance relative to the as-received alloys of Mo-Si-B-Ti-Fe. halide activated pack cementation high temperature corrosion oxidation coatings INTRODUCTION Table 2 Compositions (atom %) of phases present in the coating...

... high temperature corrosion iron sulfide magnetite INTRODUCTION Persistent energy demand moves the exploration and production of hydrocarbons towards ever deeper and harsher reservoirs, both onshore and offshore. These wells are frequently operated under high temperature and high pressure conditions...

... temperature corrosion simulated high temperature geothermal environment HCl H₂S, CO₂ Deep Drilling Project supercritical fluid weight loss testing INTRODUCTION In the first deep drilled well (IDDP-1) in the Iceland Deep Drilling Project in-situ weight loss experiment was conducted...

... > S21500 > S31009 > K21590. With the exception of S31009, the results showed a good correlation between the amount of chromium in the alloys and their resistance to high temperature corrosion. The low levels of chlorides, the flue gas composition, and the evidence gathered by SEM analysis suggest...

...Concentrated Solar Power Thermal Energy Storage Renewable Energy Molten Salt Corrosion Electrochemistry High Temperature Corrosion Pack Cementation Stainless Steel INTRODUCTION In recent years, the solar energy sector has expanded due to interest in clean and sustainable energy generation...

... to the traditional chromia forming composition will be described. High temperature corrosion carbon deposition cyclic conditions alumina forming alloy chromia forming alloy INTRODUCTION The ethylene production process and other petrochemical processes can be improved by developing materials that resist coking...

... to the colder parts of the glass tube. The 1600 h immersed specimens showed higher weight losses after 240 h than the new steel, as it depleted of Cr due to Ϭ – Phase formation. Thermal cracking stainless steel hydrogen chloride high temperature corrosion metal chlorides sublimation INTRODUCTION High...

... of water chemistry corroborated the experimental characterization of the corrosion products. hydrogen sulfide high temperature corrosion iron sulfide iron oxide INTRODUCTION As geologic environments associated with oil and gas production have become increasingly aggressive, aqueous corrosion at higher...

... as the Fe-base alloys with <18%Cr formed thick Fe-rich oxides. Initial characterization has focused on light microscopy of polished cross-sections to examine the thickness of the reaction products. supercritical carbon dioxide Fe-Cr alloys Ni-Cr alloys high temperature corrosion INTRODUCTION...

... considerable difference in the coking behavior of the alloys evaluated and a strong influence of the pre-oxidation condition of the material. High temperature corrosion austenitic alloy carbon deposition coking INTRODUCTION Applications such as power generation, chemical processing, fuel cells, and high...

... causes the destruction of the protective scale of oxide on the surface. The gas velocity which can affect the erosion by contact with solid ash Gas temperature fluctuations Component design A considerable amount of literature has been published on high temperature corrosion over the last decades...

.... The iron oxide layer appeared to be important for maintaining protection against naphthenic acid corrosion and further analysis revealed that it was composed of magnetite. naphthenic acids iron sulfide scales iron oxide high temperature corrosion crude fractions model sulfur compounds INTRODUCTION...

...Unfortunately, the number of operating conditions present in chemical plants is enormous, and the number grows even higher when we consider process raw materials and their various combinations. The presence of any new or unusual process raw material can lead to cases of high temperature corrosion...