... mm as per ASMEB31.3 figure 328.5.2C. Fit up of the pipe in the socket has been inadequate, resulting in extra weld stresses. Detailed metallurgical investigations ( 5 ) revealed that the root cause of the failure has been SSC due to too high a weld deposit hardness in the root of the weld...

...Abstract TMCP (Thermo-mechanical controlled process) large diameter linepipes have been used since a long time for high-strength and severe sour application, but recently Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) caused by local hard zones has become a concern. In this paper, material design concept...

... that API ⁽¹⁾ 5L / ISO ⁽²⁾ 3183 and NACE MR 0175 / ISO 15156 compliant TMCP linepipe presented increased ID surface hardness, commonly known as hardspots or hard layers. These surface anomalies are difficult to detect as standard QA/QC included in API/ISO standards do not cover...

...-inorganic filler coatings, multi-layered coatings, and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings have been compared on the bases of friction reduction, hardness, and behaviors towards carbonate scales and water wetting. It is seen that (1) the anti-scaling response can differ profoundly among novel polymer...

...Test Fuels Abstract The compatibility of fueling infrastructure elastomers in bio-oil and diesel fuel was determined by measuring the volume swell and hardness before and after drying. The bio-oil was produced via fast pyrolysis from a blend of pine feedstocks. The elastomer materials included...

... required to damage iron sulfide layers up to the point of exposing the substrate, well-defined iron sulfide layers were developed in a 4-liter glass cell and the mechanical properties of the layers, such as hardness and adhesive strength, were investigated using a mechanical tester. To develop the iron...

... pipelines, when the lines are operating at temperatures as low as 0 °C. pipeline maintenance coating low temperature cure differential scanning colorimetry DSC Shore-D durometer hardness vinyl ester polyurethane hybrid-epoxy flexibility impact resistance INTRODUCTION External corrosion...

... (6063) alloy. The chemical composition is as shown in Table 1 and mechanical properties as follows, Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength is 250 (N/mm²) and Hardness 80 HV. The activating flux should preserve the environment, and the health of the operator, toxic or noxious products...

.... Electrodeposition coatings crystal structure hardness corrosion INTRODUCTION Over the years, nanostructured coatings have gained great attentions in many engineering applications because of superior structural, mechanical, electrical, thermal and anticorrosion properties. The small grain size (≤100 nm...

...The aim of this paper is to understand the effects of material thickness, weld heat input, and restraint condition during welding fabrication on ferrite content and hardness in thick wall (25 mm or above) 22% Cr duplex stainless steel welds. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Materials Solution annealed...

...As shown in Figure 2 , K_ISSC decreases with the increase of hardness in an approximately linear relationship for each testing environment. The K_ISSC value of the low yield strength sample, LYS, however, appeared off the linear relationship in both 10% and 3% H₂S...

... can result in an insufficient number of local misorientation measurements for the IMD calculation. Additionally, grain morphology can play a significant role in the density and distribution of dislocations within a material; which is important to consider for strain analyses. Vickers Hardness...

... nor under deposit corrosion caused by iron deposit or hardness scale adhesion. This paper investigated iron deposition and hardness scale inhibition technologies for boiler water containing high concentrations of iron up to 30 mg Fe/L or silica up to 1,000 mg SiO₂/L in boiler water, which...

... the accuracy of pipeline data, the role of in-situ, nondestructive determination of metallurgical attributes becomes increasingly important. This paper describes nondestructive analyses that can be performed on operating pipelines to evaluate steel composition, yield strength and tensile strength, hardness...

... of 70 °C, pH of 5.32 and 26.4 N/m² wall shear stress (τ_w). Weight gain/loss was measured for as-received X65 specimens and specimens before and after removing corrosion scales in both uninhibited and inhibited systems. In addition, the hardness of the surface specimens and layers...

...Surface Analysis and Hardness Hardness values were measured on the untreated and IH-treated A286 and 2205 stainless steel specimens with a Vickers microhardness indenter using a 50 g load. Five values were measured for each specimen and 3 specimens for each condition were examined. Abstract A low...

... in the steel. Many years of industrial experience and laboratory tests have helped to define safe conditions for carbon manganese steels, including weldments, to hardnesses no greater than 22 HRc (parent) and 250 HV5 or HV10 (weldments). It has been suggested that plastically straining a material prior...

... ppm inhibitor, which is an organic and water soluble inhibitor, on the hardness of the FeCO₃ protective film is investigated under erosion-corrosion conditions using the rotating cylinder electrode (RCE). The study also assesses the effect of the nature of the FeCO₃ film...

...Abstract A low alloy steel's propensity for sulfide stress cracking in H₂S frequently is evaluated based on passing or failing NACE TM0177 Method-A and Method-D tests performed at a single (usually maximum) value of material hardness. Here we explore a probabilistic assessment...

... sour service standards stress corrosion cracking pipes welded joints hardness yield strength INTRODUCTION Welded pipes, pipework and components made from the Type 316/316L grade of austenitic stainless steel are widely used in the oil and gas industry to handle sour fluids (i.e. containing...