... from a mechanical/metallurgic point of view and a design one in relation to the construction of furnaces to produce hydrogen by catalytic reforming (temperature 850 to 950°C and circumferential stress 10 to 15 MPa for approximately 11 years, i.e. 100,000 hours). An assessment of the Fitness...

... in the 1990’s led a new type of simulation that made it possible to assess both the effects of corrosion and past service on the remaining life of high temperature refinery equipment. Furnace tubes are a type of high temperature equipment that is well suited to Omega simulation analyses. However, in coker...

...Cracked nozzle was repaired following qualified welding procedure Quality control was done by PT and RT inspection and post weld heat treatment was applied. Expansion boxes of all the furnaces were cleaned and all refractory present was removed. Positive Material Identification - PMI The materials...

...DESCRIPTION OF THE APPARATUS Abstract The problem of fouling is treated from three points of view; laboratory, plant, and economic. A laboratory apparatus, which simulates a furnace operating in a fouling mode, is discussed and test results are given for real situations. Two fouling problems...

... for the low temperature shift converter located downstream of the preheat tubes. Liquid metal corrosion Liquid metal embrittlement UNS N08800 zinc hydrogen unit furnace heater INTRODUCTION Table 1 Typical operating conditions Preheat Coil Operating Conditions Pressure inlet 1.96 mPa (285...