... if the material is sensitive towards hydrogen induced cracking (HIC). ABSTRACT This article is based on a failure analysis, where a pressurized 4” super duplex (UNSS32760) elbow from a hydrocarbon system suddenly leaked during service, due to a 90 mm long crack. The crack originated from a corrosion pit...

...Abstract Post-tensioning (PT) has evolved to become an important technology for affecting integrity of bridge structures. However, tendon failures resulting from wire/strand corrosion have been reported within two years of construction. In response to this, a recent study introduced and evaluated...

..., the opening of the vent valve led to severe damage to the internals of the silencer. Fortunately, there was no personnel injury or environmental impact, only equipment damage. The direct and root cause of the failure was identified after silencer was offered for internal inspection. Gross corrosion...

...Abstract The heat treatment condition of industrial materials is a critical parameter for material evaluation and its fitness for intended service. Proper heat treatment will produce desired mechanical and physical properties, while absence or improper heat treatment may lead to major failure...

... to conventional reinforcement, corrosion caused tendon failures have recently been reported, in some cases within but a few years of construction, as a consequence of either chemically or physically deficient grout (or a combination of the two), where the former involves elevated concentration of chlorides...

... to conventional reinforcement, corrosion caused tendon failures have recently been reported, in some cases within a few years of construction, as a consequence of either chemically or physically deficient grout (or a combination of the two), where the former involves elevated concentrations of chlorides or free...

...Abstract In this article a failure of a diffuser, with vanes, made from material P265GH, in a gas compressor is investigated. The gas compressor was in service for over 10 years. The gas contained both CO₂ and H₂S. Relative humidity of the gas was 100 %. It was found...

... post-tensioning has evolved to become the construction method of choice for many structures, including bridges. However, instances of corrosion induced fracture of wires and strands and failure of tendons have occurred as a consequence of either chemically or physically deficient grout...

... microstructures. SEM of the fracture surface was carried out after water rinsing, degreasing and using dilute formic acid to remove calcareous deposits. Abstract Approximately one year after installation, it was discovered that a failure had occurred, in deep water, at a joint between an elbow from a water...

... failures of fasteners since lubricants such as greases, oils and special thread lubricants can reduce the amount of friction in the fastener assembly by up to 40 to 50 percent. ⁶ Since using a lubricant reduces the amount of friction in the fastener assembly, the standard tabulated torque...

...Failures in the industry due to poor material selection are not so uncommon. Sometimes they appear to be related to a lack of previous information (such as future operating conditions, material properties, detailed fluid composition). Others can be related to an incomplete understanding...

... Quality Act In response to media coverage and the public outcry over fastener failures, the United States Congress passed The Fastener Quality Act (FQA), Law 101-592, which was signed by President Bush on November 16, 1990. Since its enactment, the FQA has been amended three times to further clarify...

...Abstract Applied and residual stresses significantly contribute to corrosion and cracking mechanisms. In some situations stresses are the primary cause of damage or failure. In such cases, mitigation of corrosion or cracking may require changes in operating practice or design that will reduce...

..., surface condition and welding procedure are key to a good performance. After several unexpected failures in lab trials and field service the microstructure of welded plate – tube samples was examined. Corrosion tests showed premature failure of this welded test pieces already at 20%HCl and 60°C...

... and systems failures have led to a major resurgence in activity in both Oil Companies and paint suppliers over the past 10 years, so that there now exists around the world a whole series of various testing scenarios. This paper will review these tests, covering ISO 20340 along with others, and consider how...

... of service, the line broke in a catastrophic manner. A 0.5-m-long section of the DN 600 pipe split open, Fig 1 , and the whole tower was rapidly emptied causing a terrible flood of hot chlorine-dioxide-containing pulp in the neighbourhood of the tower. Thanks to the circumstance that the failure occurred...

... a minimum of 1% chromium should be used. Case History No. 1 describes an example of flow accelerated corrosion in a preheater header elbow. Overheating Overheating failures are somewhat rare in HRSG boilers, mainly since heat transfer is primarily convective. HRSG boilers that are supplementally fired...

... between 2 and 2.8 g/l. With pitting and SCC stability diagrams the history of the failure is discussed. After pit initiation on the inner surface of the tubes, the deepest pit grew to a hole in the tube wall and black liquor mixed up with steam on the outer surface resulting in an increase of chloride...

...At the time of the failure of the A-1 OH, another well, the A-3, was also producing at approximately the same rate as the A-1 well. The A-2 well had not yet been installed, but its wellhead was nearing completion for shipment to Mensa. An unused OH was available for examination. Each of the three...

... this investigation. Alloy 400 had been used to replace carbon steel that had shown unacceptable metal loss. Intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC), which was identified as the corrosion-failure mechanism, of Alloy 400 is rare. Furthermore, this material is frequently used with success in many atmospheric...