...Enhancing desalter oil water separation (reduce oil under carry and water carryover) Extracting amine/amine salt contamination from crude oil ³ Contaminant removal (e.g., oil soluble metals; acid soluble particulates, calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), iron sulfide...

.... These attacks occurred even with double desalting and the additions of caustic, neutralizer, filming amine and water wash. Excellent inspection follow-up allowed continued operations until the turnaround. This paper will review the underlying causes of the problems and the need to evaluate the additive type...

..., the quality of products, etc. This paper provides an overview of the strategic issues associated with processing high acid crudes and several case histories describing the benefits gained from using this approach. corrosion fouling acid crudes naphthenic sulfur desalter INTRODUCTION Refineries...