...POTENTIAL DEGRADATION MECHANISMS IN TRANSPORTING FRESH TRISO AND METAL FUELS TRISO Fuel (1) Current affiliation: Washington River Protection Solutions, Richland, Washington, 99354 (2) Current affiliation: National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899. Abstract...

... from crude oil to light gases or heavy products. Operation of refinery units while producing useful products also causes deterioration / damage to various process equipment and piping by degradation mechanisms. The design codes and standards do not address equipment deterioration while in service...

... that applies when the metal is hot. Sigma phase embrittlement austenitic stainless steel FCC Charpy Test degradation mechanisms INTRODUCTION Sigma phase is a non-magnetic intermetallic phase composed mainly of iron and chromium which forms in ferritic and austenitic stainless steels during exposure...

... suffered during service. Degradation Mechanisms Material Properties Fitness for Service Assessment for Brittle Fracture Toughness Graphitization Wet H₂S Cracking Stress Assisted Corrosion INTRODUCTION Pressure vessels in the oil refining and process industry usually age with time...