...Current density required to achieve 100mV of cathodic polarization was estimated from polarization data. The mean current density required was estimated to be 3.3 (± 0.7) mA/m² (95% CI), with no sample requiring more than 10mA/m². The distribution of readings is shown...

... A based on a design current density of 3 mA/m² of steel. The latter was based on the upper value given in ISO 12696 ² (2 mA/m² for prevention) with a contingency factor of 50 %. Detailed steel surface area calculation were conducted to take into consideration all steel...

... to failure of the MMO anodes was measured in accordance with NACE TM0-108. Accelerated lifetime testing was performed on MMO anodes to measure sample durability and to adequately meet the current density design requirement (0.06A/cm²). The anodes were immersed in 1M sulfuric acid under varying...

... to help alleviate elevated AC potentials. AC interference mitigation current density AC-influenced corrosion electrical resistance corrosion rate probe cathodic protection remote monitoring computer modeling simulations INTRODUCTION This paper presents four case histories relating to monitoring...

... hour on/off potential and coupon current density monitoring were also carried out for each coupon which leaded to a new method for the evaluation of dynamic stray current interference and related corrosion possibility. Corrosion rate of the stray current affected pipeline was estimated via coupon...

... offshore, and the actual current the structure required to maintain protection. Cathodic Protection Retrofit Offshore ICCP Current Density The platform is still viable and serves as a critical hub for major fields in the area. Based on this utility, the operator required a further 20-year life. In 2007...

... of the stainless steel equipment. This paper will focus on the various design parameters required for CP of SS screens with particular attention on design and operational current density values and suitable protection criteria. The detrimental effects of overprotection will also be discussed. A suitable case...

... type corrosion rate probes. AC interference mitigation current density AC corrosion electrical resistance corrosion rate probe cathodic protection remote monitoring unit PIPELINE AND POWER LINE CHARACTERISTICS The subject welded steel pipeline has a fusion bonded epoxy coating supplemented...

.... While the objective of the anode array arrangement is to provide a uniform cathodic current density to the target reinforcing steel surfaces, these anode arrays are particularly susceptible to attenuation. Insufficient consideration or inaccurate calculation of the attenuation characteristics...

... of prestressing steels vary between the following limits: Passivation potential: - 465…-335 mV (SCE); O₂ release potential: +620…+650 mV (SCE); Current density in passive state: 6…15 µA/cm²; Passivity zone: 955…1115 mV (SCE). The difference between the passivity...

... current density INTRODUCTION The corrosion impact on the oil, gas and water sectors has been described in terms of economic, health, safety and environmental aspects. For instance, “Corrosion related failures constitute over 25% of failures experienced in the oil and gas industry”. More than 50...

... current density ferrous sulphate injection INTRODUCTION The design, construction, and operation of a nuclear power-generating facility represent a major capital expenditure. Downtime and replacement costs for corroded equipment and materials can result in exorbitant operating, maintenance costs...

... for periods up to 8 weeks. Results from short term exposure of specimens at 7⁰C are also included for comparison. Current density values will be presented. In addition the composition of calcareous deposits on the surface will be described. Cathodic protection cold seawater current density...

... pipeline crossing installed in an aqueous environment. The effects of reference electrode location, varying current densities and the resultant voltage gradients emphasize the likelihood of potential errors in the CIS through foreign line crossings.¹ cathodic protection close interval surveys...

...INTRODUCTION Abstract The measurements of DC and AC coupon current densities were conducted to assess the corrosion risk due to AC and DC interference on cathodically protected steel pipelines. As a result, the risks of AC stray current corrosion and DC stray current corrosion were appropriately...

...A number of investigators have found that to just protect copper alone, a relatively modest current density is required, presumably because the potential of the copper does not have to be shifted to highly negative values as it does when connected to steel. Waters, ^{[ 7 ]} in cathodic...

...Abstract New cathodic protection (CP) criteria based on DC and AC current densities have been developed to assess the increasing risks of AC corrosion and overprotection on cathodically protected buried steel pipelines. Furthermore, in order to perform the risk assessment of the pipelines subject...

...Concrete corrosion reinforcing steel cathodic protection sacrificial anode polarization current density INTRODUCTION The Ministry of Transportation of Ontario is responsible for approximately 16,500 kilometres of highway and more than 2500 bridges. In the Ontario highway system...

... oxygen case study corrosion rate corrosion potential current density cathodic protection coupon Dubai Drydocks Arabian Gulf United Arab Emirates INTRODUCTION ‘Durable’ – Capable of lasting; hard-wearing. ¹ In Civil Engineering...

... protection systems by combining low inhibitor concentration and cathodic protection using low current density. Figure 5 shows the mutual influence that the concentration of an inhibitor and the current density has on corrosion protection efficiency. In this case, the synergistic effect allows to decrease...