... set of specimens submerged in the solution and the other suspended above it. Two sets of specimens were prepared-(i) for corrosion test with no applied stress, and (ii) for stress corrosion cracking (SCC) test using a four-point method by applying 90% of 0.2% proof stress. For four-point testing...

... inspection. reformer outlet high temperature castings F20-32Nb cracking heat treatment 3D scan INTRODUCTION During a steam methane reformer (SMR) turnaround, a complete inspection of the outlet manifold was performed. The reformer design consists of two production cells (cell A and B) that contain 105...

... conducted before and after HTHP exposure tests, in which the mechanical test of HDPE before HTHP exposure tests are as reference for comparison. It was found that the HDPE liners were already cracked after HTHP exposure tests at 110 °C and 140 °C. Therefore, mechanical test is not applicable to these two...

... walls if it is sufficiently permeable to oxygen or in case of a lack of tightness of gaskets. In standard glass vessels used for the evaluation of steel resistance to H₂S cracking, appropriate test procedures should allow for the controlling of O₂ levels below 50 ppb. However...

... column where it is stabilized to the required Reid vapor pressure (RVP), and sent to storage. Typical inspection carried on Reactors (38V1, 38V2, and 38V3): Absrract This paper details with the unexpected cracking encountered in the outlet nozzles of all three reactors for Platformer unit, during...

...oilsands truck frame cracking fatigue brittle fracture finite element analysis INTRODUCTION Abstract A study was performed to understand the mechanism of frame cracking on the mining haul trucks in an oilsands' operating site. A static finite element analysis (FEA) was completed to identify...

.... This work investigates unexpected leaks observed on several cracked admiralty brass tubes that failed after 7 years in operation. Both metallurgical and molecular microbiological methods were used to understand the root cause of these failures. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis in all examined...

... to mitigate the damage that occurred in each case. Brass copper zinc alpha beta phase dezincification dealloying free cutting lead continuous caster nozzle condenser tube plug heat trace fitting stress corrosion cracking tubesheet valve INTRODUCTION Alpha-beta brass fittings...

... of integrity, such as mechanically induced holidays and cracks, before they are put into operation. The standard method of assessing coating’s behavior and flexibility under mechanical strain is the mandrel bending test, wherein high voltage holiday test is normally used to determine the existences...

... and substantial amount of NaCl crystals were observed on the surface of the samples. Microstructural and chemical composition analysis revealed large cracks in the cross-section of the sample most likely due to chloride induced stress corrosion cracking. The measured corrosion rate for the 1 and 3 week test...

...To investigate the corrosion characteristics of cracked coatings, 3 commercially available epoxy-amine coatings were tested, 2 of the coatings marketed specifically for water ballast tank service and 1 marketed as a general purpose primer. Identification of the coatings tested is found in Table 1...

... the NACE limits^{( 1 )} typically associated with sour service conditions to prevent cracking ( Table 1 ). Hardness checks included the base metal, HAZ, and weld metal, but did not include the WFZ. Table 1 Hardness Testing Results Sample Hardness in Heat Affected Zone (HBN) Carbon...

... that significant. Upon conducting a visual inspection of the leaked section, it was observed that the pipeline had cracked along the spiral weld, nearby a girth weld joint. The position of the crack was between 5 o’clock to 7 o’clock. Length of the crack was about 180mm (7 inches). Along the crack, co-existence...

.... An integrity assessment was carried out to equipment downstream of the debutanizer i.e. heater, reboiler, fractionator and transfer lines to study the effect of unexpected H₂S slippage. Severe high temperature H₂S corrosion (sulfidation) and wet H₂S cracking was observed...

...Abstract A high pH scale dissolver to be used for cleaning gas lift valves (GLV) was evaluated to address corrosion and cracking concerns in offshore operations. Corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) tests at 120°C (248°F) using generic tubing (UNS S41000) and casing (UNS G41400) steels...

...Ultrasonic Flaw Detection was carried out from the external surface in 2011 Unit Turnaround, prior to the failure, to identify the depth of cladding cracks. This inspection indicated that the cracks did not propagate into base metal. Repairs to cladding cracks were not taken up since the depth...

...Pitting corrosion behaviour of test coupons incorporating welds at 80°C. Crevice corrosion behaviour at 80°C. Evaluation of Al-silicone and epoxy-based sealants on TSA. External chloride stress corrosion cracking resistance by drop evaporation at 130°C. Abstract Duplex stainless steels...

...The three major types of weld defects that are encountered are hot cracks, ductility dip cracks (DDC) and lack of fusion. Certainly weld practices are an important in minimizing weld defects but the weld filler metal composition is also a key factor. Adjustments to the chemistry were made...

...Abstract A considerable amount of equipment in Refining Units are prone to present problems of cracking related to the presence of wet H₂S. To preserve the integrity of these equipments it is necessary to manage this form of corrosion. This work aims to present the experience...

... integrating, the fraction of elements that has experienced cracking/delamination after the selected time was determined. Upon repeating the calculation for incremental times, a cumulative distribution function plot for occurrence of 1) corrosion initiation and 2) cracking/delamination was constructed. Example...