...CRA Hydrogen Sulfide Chromium Nickel Molybdenum passive film INTRODUCTION The increasing demand for oil and gas has led to the development of wells with high pressure / high temperature (HPHT) and/or high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide. Corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs) are standard...

... of the metal under the sour condition. In addition to that, alloying tungsten and nitrogen as well as chromium and molybdenum improves the pitting and crevice corrosion resistance. The PREW (Pitting Resistance Equivalent number with tungsten(W); %Cr +3.3*(%Mo +0.5*%W) +16*%N) of this alloy achieves more than...

... Precipitation hardening Chromium Nickel Nitrogen Hydrogen sulfide INTRODUCTION As explorations and developments for extreme High-Pressure High-Temperature (x-HPHT) hydrocarbon reservoirs with corrosive environments have been increasing, the demand for higher strength materials is increasing for x-HPHT...

... in the corrosion rate of steel. low alloy steel copper chromium acid solution corrosion product INTRODUCTION Small amounts of alloy elements, such as Cr and Cu play an important role in the corrosion process of low alloy steel, and the corrosion resistance of this steel is always affected by the enrichment...

...Abstract The aim of this research focused on obtaining an understanding of the role of chromium in a binary iron aluminides in aqueous environments, i.e. 0.25 M sulfuric acid. Using a binary Fe-26Al and X8 CrNiS 18-9 alloy for comparison purposes, electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization...

... based system, the new fuels need to tolerate loss of active cooling in the core for a considerably longer time period while maintaining or improving the fuel performance during normal operation conditions. Advanced steels such as iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl) alloys are being investigated both under...

... been developed for line pipe usage in slightly sour environment. Chromium and cooper are actively used as alternative corrosion resistant elements instead of molybdenum. The feature of the material is to provide sufficient SSC resistance in slightly sour environment in spite of smaller molybdenum...

...Corrosion-resistant, nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys are often solution annealed at a high temperature prior to service. For example, alloys C-276 and 22 are annealed at temperatures over 2100°F. However, stabilized alloys offer optimum corrosion resistance after annealing at a lower temperature...

... CO₂ environment and acidizing condition. martensitic stainless steel Chromium Nickel Molybdenum seamless pipe OCTG carbon dioxide corrosion high temperature acidizing INTRODUCTION Four kinds of commercial pipe including two types of modified 13Cr steel, new 15Cr steel, 22Cr duplex stainless...

... crystallinity. The reasons for the effect of crystallinity on corrosion resistance are discussed. supercritical water corrosion Ni base alloy chromium crystallinity of oxide X-ray diffraction sulfuric acid INTRODUCTION Supercritical water is recognized as a promising medium for various chemical processes...

.... CO₂ corrosion steel microstructure corrosion inhibitor imidazolines chromium INTRODUCTION More recently, we have shown that the addition of 1 %Cr has a remarkable detrimental effect on a commercial inhibitor performance when samples are pre-corroded for 72 hs ¹ . The aim of the present...

... impact is also microstructure dependent. CO₂ corrosion steel microstructure corrosion inhibitor imidazolines chromium INTRODUCTION The importance of carbon and low alloy steel chemical composition and microstructure on CO₂ corrosion has been widely recognized, but different...

... at all. Traditional stainless steels or nickel-based alloys cannot also sufficiently withstand the mixtures, however it is known ^{1) , 2)} that traditional stainless steels and nickel-based alloys with higher chromium contents tend to have lower corrosion rates in nitric and hydrofluoric acid...

... sour environment. The good SSC resistance for this developed pipe was obtained by the good pitting resistance, induced from high Cr and Mo addition. martensitic stainless steel Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Copper seamless pipe OCTG carbon dioxide corrosion sulfide stress cracking toughness...

...supercritical water oxidation SCWO dichloromethane hydrogen chloride corrosion high temperature high pressure nickel chromium alloy 671 INTRODUCTION A major problem for the industrial application of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is to find a reactor material which can withstand...

... and welded by use of two different chromium-free wires in order to investigate the corrosion behavior of the weld seam area. Furthermore, a segment of a large-diameter pipe with a chromium content of 0.59 % in the base material was included in the investigations. Laboratory tests were performed to determine...

... oxidation SCWO dichloromethane hydrogen chloride corrosion high temperature high pressure nickel chromium aluminum tungsten alloy alloy 671 INTRODUCTION The obtained metal loss data - mean values of three measurements each - are shown in Figures 3 - 5 for binary Ni-Cr alloys, ternary Ni-Cr-Al...

...Abstract In a recent paper a crevice corrosion model for pure chromium was presented aiming at basic understanding of the local corrosion mechanism in an already deoxygenated crevice with a given geometry. The time stepwise calculation of chromium dissolution was based on arbitrarily selected...

...In a compressed projection neglecting the chromium contents Figure 5 visualizes the corresponding changes of the solution concentrations of chloride and hydrogen ions from point B to the chromiunhydroxyde solubility limit during the active two phase metal-solution-period and further to S during...

... chromium molybdenum 316 stainless steel Effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of metals Figure 6 shows X-ray patterns of pure Fe, Cr, and Mo exposed at temperatures of 300-450 °C and 30 MPa in 5 mass% NaCl. Pure Fe shows peaks of oxides Fe₃O₄ or γ...