... corrosion results for UNS N08935 and UNS N06625 from three months exposure in natural seawater at 30°C and in chlorinated seawater at 45°C, 50°C and 80°C. The results indicate that UNS N08935 could be a stainless steel solution in seawater applications where more expensive nickel base alloys are used today...

...Heat exchanger test setup Abstract In the process industry, seawater is commonly used when available to cool process fluids. However chlorination of the seawater is widely used to limit any microbial activity; that makes the environment quite aggressive. Chlorination oxidizes and increases...

... before exposure. Testing conditions The exposures were all performed in natural seawater. All the tested specimens were exposed at 20°C, 30°C and 50°C in non-chlorinated and/or chlorinated seawater with at least three replicates per condition. The natural seawater was directly and continuously taken...

... corrosion resistance and the propagation rate at temperatures up to 30-40°C. In chlorinated seawater the tendency is even stronger, but the propagation rate is generally lower than in natural seawater. The critical crevice corrosion temperatures of super duplex stainless steel (UNS S32760) have been...

... (UNS C70600) coupled to superduplex stainless steel (UNS S32750) in seawater was investigated from 6°C to 70°C, with different cathode to anode ratios. The effect of chlorination on galvanic corrosion rates was also studied. Continuous monitoring of the open-circuit potentials and galvanic currents...

... to Titanium. To avoid biofouling the seawater is usually chlorinated for example with hypochlorite, which is highly corrosive to many stainless steels and may cause severe crevice and pitting corrosion. The present paper gives an overview of laboratory tests under crevice conditions in nonchlorinated...

... C70600 CuNi90/10 seawater chlorination flow intensities wall shear stress erosion corrosion flow induced localized corrosion rotating cage impinging jet electrochemical noise Introduction TABLE 2 Critical flow parameters for CuNi90/10 tubing in seawater [ 8 - 10 ]. Critical shear stress...

... and in ASTM ¹ synthetic seawater with and without additions of chlorine. Tests were conducted at varying temperatures with Teflon crevice devices affixed to the test specimens. The chemical compositions of materials tested are reported in Table 1 . The reference test setup is running with synthetic...

... as the nickel alloys 825 (UNS N08825), 625 (UNS N06625), C-276 (UNS N10276) and 59 (UNS N06059). The chlorine level was set at 3mg/L to simulate one intermittent chlorination a day and the temperature set at 50°C and 75°C. In nonchlorinated seawater only the alloys 825 and 625 showed slight crevice attack at 75...

... corrosion properties for a broad spectrum of materials, including recent developments, with high temperature strength information. nickel-base alloys oxidation carburization sulfidation chlorination chloridation nitridation INTRODUCTION Utilization of nickel-base alloys is important to a variety...

..., chlorination and molten salt corrosion. The paper will discuss the selection of the correct alloy(s) to withstand each type of environment. Nickel alloys oxidation sulfidation nitridation carburization metal dusting chlorination molten salt corrosion INTRODUCTION The Ni-Cr-Fe family consists of general...

...-25Cr-1.3Si-Ce-N alloy in more severe combustion environments. Alloy 353 MA oxidation sulfidation chlorination UNS S35315 UNS 30815 creep rapture hot abrasion tube shields fluidized bed erosion INTRODUCTION In order to run more economically, many plants are faring at higher temperatures...

... be shown that chlorine corrosion may be caused or at least accelerated by chloride containing deposits in fossil fueled boilers instead of or in addition to corrosion due to HCl in the fluegas. Due to the high sulfur content of fossil fuels, chloride deposits can form only under reducing conditions...

... and examination of these failures coupled with laboratory tests has enabled the safe-use limits for this alloy to be established in terms of chlorination and temperature. New developments to extend these limits further are described. Stainless steel welds seawater chlorination service experience INTRODUCTION...

... the grains. The corrosion products formed are chromium oxides and iron oxides; these are present at the surface of the specimen. In many cases, nickel is also present in the outer corrosion product as non-reacted nickel. If chlorine is detected, it is close to or at the corrosion front. Figure 3 shows...

...Effect of chlorination A change in corrosion potential of type 316L was measured as a function of time in the natural seawater as shown in Figure 5 . In comparison with the corrosion potential without chlorination (-280mV vs. Ag/AgCl), the corrosion potential in chlorinated seawater has shifted...

... resistance^{[ 9 , 10 , 11 ]}. Alloy 45 TM environmental degradation UNS N06045 oxidation carburization sulphidation chlorination halogenation metal dusting INTRODUCTION New technologies like the thermal treatment of municipal waste, fluidized-bed combustion, coal gasification processes...

... “inhibition” of the cathodic reactions when stainless steels were ion-implanted with cerium. Abstract Improved resistance of nickel-based alloy UNS N06625 to crevice corrosion in natural and chlorinated seawater has been demonstrated by the use of two different surface enhancement techniques. The most...

...tolyltriazole benzotriazole triazole chlorinated azole halogen resistant azole copper low carbon steel pitting corrosion inhibitor halogenation chlorination environment toxicity chemical feed chemical discharge INTRODUCTION Corrosion is a process that transforms materials to lower...

... overnight. These were then weighed to 5 decimal places. Abstract The fuel gas derived from coal gasification contains gaseous species such as CO/CO₂, H₂/H₂O and CH₄, as well as gaseous compounds of sulphur, nitrogen and chlorine and entrained solids of char...