... in the corrosion pits and difficult to clean off. The abrasive blasted steel surface will develop flash rust within a day in a 50% Relative Humidity atmosphere and just in a few hours in offshore saline environment. Even a slight amount of chloride salt contamination above 2 μg/cm² will be detrimental...

..., and Alloy 33 were approximately 7 μm, 1.1 μm, and 500 nm, respectively. Besides the oxide thickness, increasing the Cr and Ni content also reduces the overall weight change of the alloys. Bioenergy corrosion steel chloride INTRODUCTION The pulp and paper industry generates copious amounts of secondary...

...Abstract The objective of this research is to obtain a quantitative description of the effect of adsorbed H₂S and chloride on the hydrogen penetration in high strength low alloy (HSLA) carbon steel, by evaluating the response of hydrogen permeation current and the formation...

...Abstract IGSCC of both stainless steels and nickel-based alloys (especially in the cold worked or sensitized condition) is very sensitive to aggressive anions like chlorides and sulfates, which can be introduced into the reactor cooling system during periods of significant condenser in-leakage...

... by a synergistic effect between S₂O₃²⁻ and Cl⁻. This submode was named low potential pitting corrosion (LPPC) to differentiate it from conventional chloride pitting or high potential pitting corrosion (HPPC), observed at higher electrochemical potentials. ^{10 , 11}...

... measurement), AASHTO T 289 ⁸ (pH measurement), AASHTO T 290 ⁹ (soluble sulfate content measurement), and AASHTO T 291 ¹⁰ (soluble chloride content measurement). AASHTO describes the electrochemical requirements for fill material to be suitable for MSE wall construction...

... their root causes and solutions. The pros and cons of various gasket materials and design options are discussed, along with a proposal for additional requirements to be added to industry standards which would minimize the risks of these problems. Air cooler plug gasket chloride stress corrosion cracking...

...). The paper deals with a study on the cracking susceptibility of SS grade 347 and DSS grade 2205 in refinery simulated process environments containing hydrogen sulfide and chloride. The paper also reports the electrochemical behavior of these SSs in the medium containing hydrogen sulfide and chloride...

...INTRODUCTION N06690 N08800 localized corrosion thiosulfate chloride Abstract The presence of thiosulfate ions in chloride solutions may produce pitting corrosion of UNS N06690 (alloy 690) and UNS N08800 (alloy 800). These alloys are the current options for steam-generator tubing of nuclear...

..., and the geometrical dimensions at the defect is given by Equation 2 : PRESSURE REQUIRED TO FORM BLISTERS In case of chloride salt, the solubility of NaCl in water is 0.359 g/cm³ at 25 °C. The osmotic pressure of chloride salt solution is shown in Figure 2 with the maximum osmotic pressure of 4415 psi...

... properties, especially corrosion resistance. This study investigated the role of chloride (Cl⁻) in Cu corrosion in solutions containing sulfate (SO₄²⁻) and Cl⁻ with residual O₂ concentrations of about 0.1–0.2 ppb at 50 °C. SO₄²...

... increases logarithmically with an increase in the corrosion-induced area loss of steel bars. Reinforced Concrete Corrosion Chloride Probabilistic Modeling Crack Width INTRODUCTION Reinforced concrete (RC) structures often suffer from damage due to reinforcement steel corrosion that is caused by either...

... resistivity, and corrosion rate were also measured. Some selected concrete specimens were terminated and visual observation was conducted. Concrete powder was collected above the rebar trace and concrete core samples were drilled and sliced on selected specimens. The chloride concentration was determined...

...stainless steel reinforcement concrete rebar marine environment structure reinforcing bar chloride INTRODUCTION Stainless steels (SSs) have many characteristics which benefit construction applications, as structural usage and concrete reinforcements. ^{1 , 2} SS rebars...

... loose corrosion products (smut) fell off of the specimen. Finally, the specimen was weighed to obtain the weight loss to complete one cleaning cycle. Abstract Specifying weathering steel for bridge applications in Florida is being considered for cost savings and structural design advantages. Chloride...

... was more resistant to crevice corrosion in dilute chloride solutions, at low temperatures. In concentrated chloride solutions, the crevice corrosion resistance of both alloys was similar. The heat treatment used for steam generator tubing, which produces carbide precipitation at grain boundaries, did...

...) cooling at a constant rate while the same potential of previous step is maintained. The procedure was successfully applied to alloys N06022, N06059, N07022, N06686 and N10362 in 0.1 and 1 mol/L chloride solutions, and alloy N06625 in 0.1 mol/L chloride solutions. Judicious application of this testing...

... analysis. Selected compound Code Equation Acetaldehyde A 2.09 – 0.61A + 1.42D 1,1-diethoxyethane D Acetaldehyde A 1.86 + 6.31A – 8.14Cl Chloride Cl Acetaldehyde A 1.60 + 13.2A – 14.8AH Aliphatic hydrocarbons AH n-propanol P 2.06 + 1.03P + 1.33D...

...Abstract Alloys UNS N06600, N06690 and N08800 used for steam generator tubes are prone to pitting corrosion in aqueous chloride-thiosulfate solutions. Pitting corrosion was studied in 0.1 to 1 M chloride solutions with additions of thiosulfate ranging from 10^-4 M to 10^-2 M...

... that these materials have high resistance to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in testing environments with high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide (H S), carbon dioxide (CO₂) and chlorides (Cl^-), at elevated temperatures. ^{1 , 2 , 3} Abstract The international standard NACE ⁽¹...