... in figure 5-2 . Tested materials were 17%Cr-A and 17Cr-C, with different strength grade samples. Table 2 SSC test parameters H₂S Temp. pH Cl^- NaAc Applied stress Condensed Water 3~30kPa 25 °C 3.2 1 g/L 0.4 g/L 90% AYS Formation Water 4.0 30 g/L In addition...

...Obtaining a fully martensitic structure after austenitization and quenching is key. Upper bainite, even present in low amounts, drastically lowers the SSC resistance [ 4 ], [ 5 ], Figure 1a) and b) . An increased final tempering temperature allows to reduce the dislocation density and has been...

...Abstract Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) and Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) are major issues of line pipes exposed to sour environment. Severity of sour environment determined in accordance with EFC 16 and NACE MR0175 / ISO15156 for low-alloy steels has been proposed based on experimental SSC...

... mm as per ASMEB31.3 figure 328.5.2C. Fit up of the pipe in the socket has been inadequate, resulting in extra weld stresses. Detailed metallurgical investigations ( 5 ) revealed that the root cause of the failure has been SSC due to too high a weld deposit hardness in the root of the weld...

...Abstract Many Oil & Gas fields are sour with H₂S partial pressures above 0.05 psi. For such situations, it is critical to employ OCTG qualified for sour service, resistant to SSC. As corrosion processes in acidic environments with dissolved H₂S make the testing solution...

... tested in the vapour phase. These features, however, will not be visible when seen under light optical microscope (10 x) by visual examination only. welded pipe sour corrosion cracking SSC supercritical CO₂ INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Sample preparation Specimens were cut from...

... ( Figure 1 ) with one surface marked and the others unmarked. After 72 hours, all surfaces were cleaned by flowing water, photographed, and weighed. Pit depth was also measured when pitting was observed. Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) Test per NACE TM0316 Abstract This study was undertaken as an effort...

... this matter sufficiently. In cases where hard spots are present (e.g. as it has been observed on API 5L X60, X65 grades) this may lead to rapid SSC failures in severe sour service environments. Thus, the European Pipeline Research Group (EPRG) ⁽³⁾ launched at the end of 2017 a research program...

... under high load, at low pH or in CO₂ containing test environments. When evaluating SSC specimens, it is important to distinguish between stress-induced corrosion pits and SSC crack structures and their relevance for the SSC test result. Within this study a systematic investigation...

... of Mo and Cr on pitting resistance. SSC SSRT RSRT H₂S Cyclic polarization corrosion martensitic stainless steel INTRODUCTION Ripple and slow strain rate test Continuous high demand for energy resources in recent years has led to a proliferation of oil and gas production wells around...

... applications. High Pressure High Temperature Autoclave Test Protocol 140 ksi SSC INTRODUCTION More and more High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) sour wells are operated worldwide. Challenging material selection is required for such severe operating conditions. ^{1 , 2} Very high strength...

... curves. Higher sulfide stress cracking (SSC) and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) were assessed through NACE ⁽¹⁾ TM 0177 method A¹ at ambient and high temperature. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) characterizations provide deep knowledge about passive film compositions...

...Abstract This paper deals with Environmentally-Assisted Cracking (EAC) resistance data, that is, SSC and SCC resistance for martensite-based stainless steel OCTG materials of (1)Modified-13Cr (13Cr-5Ni-2Mo: generic classification of Super-13Cr), (2)15Cr (15Cr-6Ni-3Mo-Cu: UNS No.S42625) and (3)17Cr...

... and evolution process, as well as the crack tip stress state, as an actual pipe with a surface flaw and thus it may be a relevant approach to measure pipe material sulfide stress cracking (SSC) resistance in sour environments. This FEA analysis tool not only can be used to investigate SSC cracking mechanism...

... cracking (SSC) and galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking (GHSC) tests were performed according to NACE⁽²⁾ TM0177-2016 Method A. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance was investigated using C-ring tests according to NACE TM0177 Method C at Level VI for 3 months and Level VII for 1...

... Industrial Project (JIP) was launched at the end of 2015. The objectives were to evaluate how O₂ contamination affects H₂S cracking test results. The experimental program included HIC and SSC exposures with a range of low alloy steels covering all SSC severity regions of ISO 15156-2...

... and H₂S on electrochemical behavior of unalloyed steel. A continuous O₂ injection at a level corresponding to 500 ppb is applied, together with H₂S bubbling in our test solutions, for periods lasting the same order as SSC standard tests. Steel surface reaction phenomena/corrosion...

... during exposure. In order to explain some of the results observed, we complemented the “fatigue after sour exposure test” with SSC test using C-rings with the apex in the ERW line. This served as a probe of concepts of the advantages of the homogeneity brought by the heat treatment on the often...

... used by Liberty Speciality Steels (LSS) for the manufacture of the 13Cr bar product is provided for information as in Figure 1 below. Abstract Norsok M-650 qualification of 13Cr Super Martensitic Stainless Steel (SMSS) requires both sulfide stress cracking (SSC) and stress corrosion cracking (SCC...

...BRIEF DAMAGE MECHANISM DESCRIPTIONS Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) SSC is defined as cracking of a metal under the combined action of tensile stress and corrosion in the presence of water and H₂S. SSC is a form of hydrogen stress cracking resulting from absorption of atomic hydrogen...