...Abstract A new Ni-based alumina-forming alloy, NiCoCrMoAl, has been invented with the high creep strength and excellent high temperature oxidation and corrosion resistance for high temperature applications. The static oxidation tests of the alloy, along with the other commonly used Ni-based high...

...Carburization has also been observed on alloys exposed to high temperature sCO₂. Chromium in martensitic stainless steels react with carbon to form chromium carbide during this process. The carbon is thought to be the result of the carbon diffusing through the oxide film layer to react...

..., is required. In this paper, Fe- and Ni-based alloy foils were oxidized in air + 10 % H₂O for up to 3,000 h at 850°C to identify the most promising alloys. The thickness and chemical composition of the spinel oxide formed on top of the Cr₂O₃ scale varied between S3100, N08120...

...Abstract Nickel base alloys are widely used in high temperature oxidative atmospheres, such as heat exchangers and land-based gas turbines. To mitigate the deleterious effects of oxidation, chromium and aluminum additions, which promote the development of a protective layer of chromia or alumina...

... oxidation and localized nanoporosity were observed along the alloy grain boundaries, with associated local nanoscale Cr depletion and Ni enrichment. Mechanistic implications of this finding are discussed. biomass oxidation sulfidation stainless steel microscopy INTRODUCTION Biomass is of increasing...

... the surface of these alloys against oxidative attack. Aluminizing is one approach that could be effective. A Mo–12.5Si–8.5B–25Ti–2Fe (atom %) alloy was aluminized using halide activated pack cementation (HAPC). The process was carried out at 750°C, for times ranging from 1 to 25 hours in an argon environment...

... are of 9Cr-1Mo (ASTM ⁽¹⁾ A335 Gr P9) metallurgy with a maximum tube wall temperature of 652 °C. The tubes are prone to excessive scaling due to high temperature oxidation and scale thickness of up to 1-2mm were found in the tubes. The problem arising due to scaling affect not only the mechanical...

...Pressure has been widely assumed to have negligible effects on the corrosion of all of the materials as long as carbon dioxide is supercritical. Contamination (intended or not) has long been considered to be a aggravating issue for oxidation in sCO₂. While the impact of contaminants...

... is affected by the type of back shielding gas. Super duplex stainless steel UNS S32750 single-sided welding GTAW oxidation corrosion resistance INTRODUCTION Duplex stainless steel has a dual phase microstructure consisting with ferrite and austenite. With the two phases appropriately balanced, it shows...

... approximately 300, 600, and 1000 hours. Metallurgical analyses were performed on the exposed samples using optical microscopy, SEM/EDS, and a micro-hardness tester to characterize the scale morphologies and the extent of carburization in the alloys. Results indicate that the oxidation kinetics were...

... - - - * N08120 foil sample consumed after 5760 hours The metal recession measurements had similar results compared to the weight change measurements. Both Al₂O₃-forming alloys showed virtually no metal loss with small amounts of internal oxidation at both temperatures. N06230 and N08120 had...

... plants. In the present paper, the oxidation behavior of potentially suitable construction materials for heat exchanging components in coal fired power plants was studied at 650°C. The selected materials (martensitic steels, austenitic steels and a Ni-base alloy) were exposed in a simulated atmosphere...

...The corrosivity of the process media can be affected by many factors including acidity (pH), temperature, concentration, the halides present, the nature of the media (reducing or oxidizing) and the presence of crevice conditions. Low melting metals can induce a form of stress corrosion cracking...

... replacement of oxidized casing plate with prefabricated, refractory lined plates sized 2ft x 2ft (610mm x 610mm), and spraying pumpable refractory material with the help of a reciprocating pump and an air/water cooled lance through a window cut in the vertical wall of the heater casing near the roof. Abstract...

...For the test campaign in pure water vapor at 557°C, buckling of a part of the oxide scale has widely been observed regardless of the oxidation time ( Figure 5 ). The proportion of buckled surface onto the total surface (30 mm x 10 mm) on each face of oxidized samples has been measured as a function...

... a stabilizer to reduce its decomposition in the presence of metal ions is used for mercaptan removal and oxidizing other sulfur containing compounds. The first contactor cleaning with H₂O₂ at 60°C (140°F) resulted in the generation of hazardous oxygen from H₂O₂...

...CARBURISATION AND METAL DUSTING Nickel has a low solubility and diffusivity for carbon making nickel- base alloys ideal for use in carburizing conditions. Stable protective oxides developed using chromium in conjunction with other protective oxide forming elements of aluminum and silicon are very...

... as in supercritical water have revealed the presence of a Cr-rich oxide layer at the sample surface. ^{3 - 5} However, these surface analysis techniques cannot effectively evaluate the uniformity of this Cr-rich oxide layer or the presence of localized corrosion, in particular at grain boundaries...

...The test details and results from the frac and flowback water treatments are summarized below. Biocidal Efficacy of Super-oxidized Water (hypochlorous acid solution) against Microorganisms in Frac Water Frac water was collected from Permian basin. It is a mix of fresh and produced water from...

... of oxide layers on the surface of the alloy samples. At high temperatures (> 950 °C) the stability of chromia forming alloys starts to degrade due to the conversion of chromia layers to chromium carbide which is accompanied by increased internal carburization leading to a depletion of the chromium...