...In gas and gas condensate wells, condensed water is experienced while the temperature is below the dew point and is known to be acidic. The value of pH decreases with increasing partial pressures of CO₂ and H₂S. Therefore, typical condensed water condition in gas wells are low...

...Table 3 Measured initial and final solution pH at 12 MPa CO₂ and 160°C. Initial pH Final pH 0 ppm H₂S 4.3 4.8 1000 ppm H₂S 4.2 4.7 2000 ppm H₂S 4.4 4.8 ABSTRACT The effect of H₂S on the aqueous corrosion behavior...

..., of which one was a weight loss corrosion coupon, were exposed in each experiment. The ratio between the test solution volume and exposed surface area was typically 50-75 mL/cm². The autoclaves and coupon holders are shown in Figure 2 . The target H₂S and CO₂ partial...

... not be accurately interpolated using either Modified McConomy or Couper-Gorman curves. As per API-939C, the mechanism of this type of corrosion is still not well understood. As a result, a newly developed based-on-experience curves were utilized to estimate the levels of H₂S that have existed...

...Abstract The nature of hydroprocessing reactor effluent air coolers (REAC’s) to form hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and ammonia (NH₃) from sulfur and nitrogen species present in the feed makes them prone to ammonium bisulfide (NH₄HS) corrosion. Various industry driven...

... but variable pH, the objective being to coarsely define the sensitivity domain of the materials and identify the embrittlement mechanisms involved. NACE ^(*) MR0175 / ISO ^(†) 15156-3 ¹ standard specifies H₂S partial pressure thresholds limits for a safe use...

... control working electrode was immersed in an anaerobic bottle with 150 mL culture medium and 150 mL headspace without SRB inoculation. There was no need to vary the headspace for the abiotic control because H₂S escape to the headspace would not occur abiotically. Open circuit potential (OCP...

...Abstract The objective of this research is to obtain a quantitative description of the effect of adsorbed H₂S and chloride on the hydrogen penetration in high strength low alloy (HSLA) carbon steel, by evaluating the response of hydrogen permeation current and the formation...

... ⁽¹⁾ C110 material in two conditions: 1) mill scale removed with typical NACE ⁽²⁾ TM0177 surface finish; and 2) mill scale intact. The study was performed on samples with and without applied stress in NACE TM0177 Solution B with 7% H₂S/N₂ gas purge...

...Table 1 Test Matrix for C110 FFP OCTG Exposures per NACE Paper No. 04109 ² OCTG Stress Temp. Duration Solution Initial PH pH₂S Purge Gas C110 80% SMYS 73° F 23°C 720 hrs 5 wt% NaCl 4 g/L Sodium Acetate 3.7 0.0275 bara (0.40 psia) 2.75% H2S...

... polarization tests in substituted NACE TM0177 A test solution, where H₂S bubbling was replaced by thiosulfate additions (i.e., Tsujikawa Method). Hydrogen permeation tests were conducted in a Devanathan-Stachurski cell, to evaluate the effect of nickel on the hydrogen diffusion. Additionally, slow...

...Abstract Flexible pipes used in oil and gas production are composed of densely packed steel wires enclosed in an annulus confined by inner and outer polymer sheaths. Lighter hydrocarbons, water, CO₂ and H₂S from the bore may diffuse through the inner liner and form...

...Abstract Sweet (CO₂) and sour (H₂S) corrosion have continuously been a challenge in oil and gas production and transportation. Yet, some key issues are still not well understood, especially at high temperature production conditions. A CO₂/H₂S ratio...

...Abstract Mitigating oil and gas production with chemical inhibitors is challenging when high temperature (>120°C) and H₂S is present. The high temperatures associated with deep wells and thermal recovery methods demand an advancement in conventional inhibitor technologies...

...Abstract In order to meet growing energy demand, oil and gas industries are facing many challenges, including the exploitation of increasingly deep fields with high pressure and high temperature in sour environments containing CO₂ and H₂S. Operators must carefully select...

.... About 1.5 kg de-aerated test solution was filled into each autoclave. Magnetic stirring was turned on and any remaining oxygen was removed with several N₂ and vacuum cycles. H₂S gas was added multiple times to reach the desired partial pressure. Subsequently CO₂ gas...

...Abstract Corrosion testing of austenitic stainless steel, UNS S31603 (AISI 316L), was conducted in flow-through reactors during early stages of lab setup development with the aim to obtain a superheated steam environment with H₂S/CO₂/HCl at 350°C and 10 bars. The test fluid...

... a consistent blue color persists. The amount of H₂S in the sample can then be calculated based on the number of drops of the iodine solution that is added. Manifold facility Hmi₂S gas measurement Fluids from the field trial site were sampled at the manifold facility prior to being mixed...

...Abstract The influence of flow rate on corrosion behavior of X65 carbon steel in water-saturated supercritical CO₂ phase containing 1000 ppmv H₂S impurity was studied at 35 °C and 8 MPa from 0 m/s to 1.5 m/s. Weight loss tests showed that the general corrosion rate reached...

...H₂S CO₂ FeS uniform corrosion pitting corrosion Ca²⁺ Mg²⁺ Fe²⁺ XRD patterns were collected using a Bruker D8 ³ equipped with a LynxEye ⁴ detector and a 90 position auto sampler, employing Cu Kα radiation...