... establishment of 40barg CO₂ in the test solution and stabilised after a much longer period, i.e. 30 days (see Figure 4b ). The pH obtained at 20barg CO₂ was consistently higher than at 40barg CO₂. Abstract This paper presents in situ pH and corrosion rate results obtained from...

... of corrosion rates due to hot oils containing naphthenic acids and reactive sulfur species has long been a challenge for the refining industry. The past 60 years have yielded a body of literature and research on the topic. Refineries have utilized a wide variety of published references, lab-based models...

... the country. A comparison was made between the results of the laboratory electrochemical techniques and the field gravimetric weight loss method. It revealed that corrosion rate trends between coupons in similar types of soil were comparable and corroborative. However, the corrosion rate values did...

... mechanism. The results are discussed in relation to literature and relevant cathodic protection and AC interference standards. AC corrosion AC interference cathodic protection corrosion rate INTRODUCTION AC corrosion is a topic that has gained a lot of attention in recent years, particularly...

... is very time-consuming and labour-intensive, such that the wall thickness at an individual location may only be measured every three-five years. This is not an adequate frequency to measure corrosion rates with any confidence, or to link periods of high wall loss to specific feedstocks or process...

...Therefore, CIPE method was developed by resolving the problems mentioned above. The detail of CIPE method is described as show in “EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE”. The merits of CIPE method are as follows: ABSTRACT It is important to monitor the corrosion rates of steel in electrolyte environments...

... monitoring device based on ultrasonic technology was designed, fabricated, installed and commissioned. The data to date demonstrates that the corrosion inhibitor has been injected at the required rate by and large and the wall thickness data/corrosion rate data from the corrosion monitoring clamps also...

... probes is provided in Table 1 . Abstract A 2018 case study (C2018-10909) required a rapid quantitative assessment of the external corrosion rate (CR) that buried station piping was subject to when equipped with an underperforming Cathodic Protection (CP) system in a high electrolyte resistivity...

... differ greatly. This model has been extensively calibrated against experimental results in both corrosion product free conditions as well as in conditions where corrosion product layers form. carbon steel corrosion rate modeling uniform corrosion carbon dioxide hydrogen sulfide It has been well...

...) techniques were employed to derive quantitative coating corrosion rates of the selected coatings. A summary of the key findings of the literature review and the outcome of the technology gap analysis are provided in the following section. Thereafter, the experimental procedure is described, the main results...

... of the main influencing parameters is necessary. This requires prediction of the CO₂ flux and partial pressure developed in the annulus. Together with reliable prediction of corrosion rates of the armour wire steel material, life assessments of pipes in service can be made. This paper presents...

..., the cross-sectional morphology and thickness of the corrosion product films was observed using SEM. Surface analysis Where LCR is the localized corrosion rate, mm/y; h is the depth of localized corrosion pits, μm. t is the corrosion time, h. The average localized...

...Chen et al adopted signal generator and power amplifier to simulate the dynamic stray current suffered by buried pipeline, and conducted orthogonal experiments to study the effects of stray current density, frequency, pH value and soil conductivity on corrosion rate of carbon steel. ¹³...

...As mentioned above Tafel slope is decided from the actual polarization curve and the corrosion rate is calculated by extrapolation method, it was confirmed that CIPE method was very useful for monitoring various corrosion rates of steel in concrete. ^{3 , 4} However there is little actual...

... measurements, only a coarse corrosion rate calculation is available. Over several years, an operator might get a general feeling for the long-term corrosion rate, but statistically it is impossible to place any certainty on this measurement; thus, the ability to use the corrosion rate as a predictive tool...

... E_a⁰ from E_a¹. When η_a¹ was 10 mV or more, the steel surface was evaluated as “Passivation” or “the corrosion rate was less than 1 mA m^-2 ”. 2-2) When η_a¹ was less than 10 mV, evaluation proceeded to the step (3). Evaluation...

... hour on/off potential and coupon current density monitoring were also carried out for each coupon which leaded to a new method for the evaluation of dynamic stray current interference and related corrosion possibility. Corrosion rate of the stray current affected pipeline was estimated via coupon...

... kinetic data in terms of the corrosion rates of the alloys. The results demonstrate that significant corrosion occurs in a pressure / temperature region where H₂O saturated with CO₂ condenses on the coupons. Larger mass change was observed when oxygen was present in the supercritical...

... electrode (CSE), Tinker & Rasor, ^† by a high impedance multimeter, as per ASTM C876-15, ⁴⁵ and of corrosion rate using a 3-electrode LPR Data Logger, Metal Samples, ^† were employed for obtaining corrosion test data. ^{46 - 47} Each of these test-measurements...

...Abstract This paper explores the use of remote monitoring systems and web-based data analysis to track corrosion rates in real time. Combining monitoring systems with electrical resistance (ER) or linear polarization resistance (LPR) corrosion probes allows corrosion rate data to be measured more...