...Abstract Alloy tubes used in petrochemical processing reactor systems are often subjected to oxidizing conditions in high temperature steam such as during de-coking cycles. The ability of the alloy to form an adherent and continuous oxide layer is critical to ensure the material resists coking...

...Samples were exposed to a carbon-rich coking atmosphere after the desired pre-oxidation step was completed. Images of the pull-bored surfaces of the samples after 100 hours of exposure to coking conditions are shown in Figure 6 . The alumina-forming alloys had very little observable carbon...

... deposits decorated with metal nanoparticles. Different numbers of cycles were required to initiate coking and surface damage, and alloys were compared based on the time to initiate dusting reaction. A shallow alloy subsurface zone of very fine carbide precipitates formed, and surface pitting commenced...

... furnaces the accumulation of coke inside the tubes leads to gradual changes in temperature and pressure that make accurate simulations of the coker furnace difficult. This paper describes how corrosion data and process data can be used in Omega simulations to obtain accurate assessments of coker furnace...

... adherence between the intermetallic nickel-tin coating and the alloy. No metal dusting or coke formation had occurred. At the coating metal interface, an enrichment of iron, chromium and silicon was observed ( figure 6 ). The nickel content in this zone had dropped to almost zero. The intermetallic nickel...

...Introduction The presented approach results from new investigations of metal dusting established during the last six years. Those investigations provide a closer look into the atomic scale mechanisms of coking and metal dusting which are catalyzing the process (the following explanations do...

...In the course of “cracking”, tube metal temperatures do increase as a consequence of coke formation, which develops on the inner tube surface as one of the side reactions. The insulation effect of the growing coke layer leads to an - in time - increasing heat transfer resistance and (depending...

...) was investigated. The samples were examined every 500 hrs with respect to the carbon deposition behavior and the onset of metal dusting. A comparison between the behavior of chromia and alumina formers is performed and the influence of chlorine is discussed. Ni-base alloys coking metal dusting chlorine...

...Abstract Ethylene production needs maximum cracking of the hydrocarbons at lowest possib[[illegible]] coke formation and carburization, and maximum furnace run length. A number of coatings have been developed to increase the run length by decreasing coke forma[[illegible]] They could show only...

... temperature stability of the alumina layer. The current test method was developed many years ago and has been refined for coke growth analysis on the established chromia forming alloys for use in the petrochemical industry ¹⁰ . From previous investigations, it is known that the surfaces of new...

... carburization and coking resistance under conditions of cyclic carburization and oxidation environments. Carbon ingress and coke deposition of conventional alloys forming chromium oxide scale increased with increasing heat cycles, whereas the developed alloy remained unchanged. Based on these results...