...In gas and gas condensate wells, condensed water is experienced while the temperature is below the dew point and is known to be acidic. The value of pH decreases with increasing partial pressures of CO₂ and H₂S. Therefore, typical condensed water condition in gas wells are low...

... steel in high-temperature downhole conditions. The formation of the corrosion product scales in CO₂-saurated formate fluid For the environment containing CO₂, CO₂ will dissolve in the formate solution, and then hydrated to make a weak acid H₂CO₃...

... inhibitor in specific aqueous environments. These observations prompted a study into whether such behavior is apparent in a CO₂ top of line corrosion (TLC) scenario i.e. when HAc dissolves into condensed water which forms on the upper internal wall of carbon steel pipelines during wet-gas...

...Abstract Flexible pipes used in oil and gas production are composed of densely packed steel wires enclosed in an annulus confined by inner and outer polymer sheaths. Lighter hydrocarbons, water, CO₂ and H₂S from the bore may diffuse through the inner liner and form...

...Abstract Sweet (CO₂) and sour (H₂S) corrosion have continuously been a challenge in oil and gas production and transportation. Yet, some key issues are still not well understood, especially at high temperature production conditions. A CO₂/H₂S ratio...

...Abstract CO₂ stream in CCS system usually contains impurities, such as water, O₂, SO₂, NO₂, H₂S, and other trace substances, which could pose a threat to internal corrosion and integrity of CO₂ transportation pipelines. The general...

...Abstract Corrosion testing of austenitic stainless steel, UNS S31603 (AISI 316L), was conducted in flow-through reactors during early stages of lab setup development with the aim to obtain a superheated steam environment with H₂S/CO₂/HCl at 350°C and 10 bars. The test fluid...

...). The test fluid was pressurized with CO₂ to test pressure. The temperature of the fluid was also controlled and maintained at test temperature through the duration of the test. The cage was fully immersed into the test fluid and was set to rotate at constant speed to achieve the required shear...

...corrosion flexible pipe annulus siderite CO₂ near neutral pH SCC INTRODUCTION The annular space of flexible pipes is dry and non-corrosive at normal operating conditions. However, when flooded, with condensed water, resulting from the permeation of the production gases through...

... is common problem in the Oil&Gas industry and it is often related to the presence of CO₂. It is soluble in water where it forms carbonic acids and attacks the production tubing material. ^{1 , 2 , 3 , 4} The hydrocarbon phase in not considered corrosive and its inhibitive properties...

...H₂S CO₂ FeS uniform corrosion pitting corrosion Ca²⁺ Mg²⁺ Fe²⁺ XRD patterns were collected using a Bruker D8 ³ equipped with a LynxEye ⁴ detector and a 90 position auto sampler, employing Cu Kα radiation...

...Introduction The existence of CO₂ as a dissolved gas in brine is common across geothermal reservoirs or oil and gas reservoirs. The presence of dissolved CO₂ leads to the formation of carbonic acid, which can present serious corrosion implications for Pipelines and well...

... mg L^-1 Cl^-) bubbled with supercritical CO₂ and CO₂ containing H₂S at 40 °C. After testing, the specimens were taken out and microstructural evaluation of surfaces and cross-sections was carried out to evaluate the performance of the coated...

... compositions of the plating bath are listed in Table 1 . After the coating process, the coated samples were cleaned with alcohol by ultrasonic dispersion for 10 min for plating solution removal. Abstract The corrosion behavior of Ni-P coating in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution containing CO₂...

... affected zone PWC HAZ CO₂ INTRODUCTION Preferential weld corrosion (PWC), a localized form of corrosion of the weld bead or the heat affected zone (HAZ) formed during the welding process, is a function of numerous interrelating factors including both metallurgical (e.g., metal chemistry...

...It is well known that H₂S, CO₂ and H₂O permeation trough the liner creates a sour environment in the annulus of the flexible pipe. Condensed acidic water with dissolved H₂S and CO₂ and no O₂ is the ultimate medium expected to build...

...Table 1 Syngas and GRCW Characteristics and Target Quality Parameters H₂O CO₂ CO H₂ CH₄ HCOOH Mole % 35 6.5 13.5 42 1.2 600 ppm Syngas flow rate (m³h⁻¹) 19803 Temperature (°C) 200 Pressure (kPa...

...Abstract Corrosion testing routinely involves testing brine and hydrocarbons under high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) in the presence of CO₂ and H₂S. One common laboratory procedure is heating a pressure vessel to the test temperature and loading the gases...

...Abstract Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the primary notorious greenhouse gas which is being increasingly emitted to our ecosystem as a result of various human activities. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is the most promising technology available today for utilizing fossil fuels as reliable...

.... The composition is mainly Methane Gas, approximately 92%, with trace amount of C2-C6 natural gas, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen and about 7% carbon dioxide (CO₂). Hydrogen Sulfide gas, H₂S typical range is around 300ppm but has been creeping to about 600ppm in the last six months preceding...