... structures due to AC frequencies other than the fundamental power frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz. Part A involves additional field testing on the subject pipeline, and commissioning of the recommended AC mitigation and monitoring systems. Part B of this investigation will be presented in a separate paper...

... AC current densities may be avoided by using voltage dividers or separating the DC and AC components of the coupon current. CHALLENGE 3. HIGH AC AND DC CURRENT DENSITIES UNDER LOW AC VOLTAGES An AC mitigation system was installed in February 2018 on an NPS 12 pipeline in Western Canada. AC coupons...

... AC Mitigation BACKGROUND During the summer of 2016 an in-service leak was discovered on a pipeline carrying highly volatile liquids (HVLs) outside of Houston, Texas. The pipeline of interest is an 8 inch (200 mm), 0.358 inch (9.1 mm) wall thickness, grade X52 line that shares a right-of-way (ROW...

... of the elevated AC current densities and quantify the associated corrosion risk. The mitigation strategy employed to address this risk is provided. AC Corrosion AC Interference AC Mitigation Cathodic Protection CP Ground Bed Rectifier Interference Unfiltered Rectifier Corrosion Investigation Pipeline...

... that the initial wind farm load could be safely transmitted before the complete mitigation package could be constructed. Design and construction of the phase 2 mitigation system required well over a year to complete and seriously delayed adding additional generation to the circuit. AC mitigation Computer modeling...

...To determine the value of the capacitive effect of an AC mitigation system, pipe-to-soil potentials of several pipelines with active AC mitigation system were measured and evaluated. The potential measurements were conducted under several scenarios: - “On” & “Instant-off” potential...

... for current AC mitigation designs. Additionally, a transformer can be designed to transfer energy to the secondary effectively helping drain energy which reduces the induced voltage on the AC mitigated pipeline and the total energy returning to ground. AC Mitigation Mitigation RLC Circuit Energy...

..., can be altered by an order of magnitude or more. As such, it is expected that freezing or drying of the upper soil layer under certain conditions can significantly impact the resistive coupling to an adjacent pipeline, and also impact the performance of the AC mitigation system. In this paper...

... to sustainable corrosion prevention. The present paper presents the scheme of the experimental system, important aspects of the instrumentation part and the major results, along with the author’s plan for future studies. Alternating Current Interference safety touch voltage step voltage AC mitigation...

... a comparative assessment reviewing the electrochemical properties of common AC mitigation materials, and assesses common industry claims with respect to AC mitigation grounding. The intent of this work is to provide the corrosion test data and technical information to support an engineering based decision...

... used in the past, and those that have been recently developed and continue to evolve, to meet the AC mitigation challenges faced by buried pipeline operators. AC corrosion AC mitigation AC corrosion current density AC current density remote monitoring AC coupon ER soil corrosion probe Background...

... road work was being completed in the area concurrently. The model predicted that the affected pipelines were expected to experience significant steady state, fault state, and AC corrosion interference issues prior to AC mitigation installation. The AC interference risk assessment, modelling, mitigation...

...The powerline energization was planned for June 2015. With the time constraints (i.e., five months), the installation of the AC mitigation system required for this project appeared impossible to achieve, since any ground disturbance requires environmental inspections and applications. In addition...

...AC Interference AC Mitigation AC Close Interval Survey Close Interval Survey (CIS) Monitoring AC Voltage Measurement AC Survey High Voltage AC (HVAC) Transmission Powerlines Pipelines INTRODUCTION Abstract The measurement of induced AC voltages along a pipeline is a primary indicator...

... action is required. Once the ranking is completed, it is envisioned that AC interference studies, and the design and implementation of mitigation and monitoring systems will be performed on the at risk pipeline systems in order of priority as part of a multi-year program. AC Mitigation AC Interference...

...Abstract AC mitigation has become an absolute necessity for pipeline operators due to safety concerns and the risk of through-wall corrosion leaks as a result of induced AC. AC mitigation systems have evolved to use one of three grounding systems: zinc ribbon anode, bare copper cable...

... and mitigation measures from a case study and a pilot site will be presented. AC Mitigation AC Interference Pipelines Arcing Powerline Fault Transmission Powerlines High Voltage AC (HVAC) Phase-to-ground Fault INTRODUCTION This paper discusses how to determine the critical separation that is required...

... are not exceeding current densities known to cause corrosion. Due to the variables affecting induced AC voltage and AC current levels, and the potential safety concerns of exceeding permissible levels, continual verification of the effectiveness of the AC mitigation system is a necessary part of a complete AC...

... pipelines is realized in the often times substantial cost savings by optimizing the mitigation strategy. The material and construction cost saving for the subject pipeline is estimated between $1,000,000 and $2,000,000. Abstract This paper highlights the coordinated AC mitigation and cathodic protection...

... mitigation and related grounding systems. zinc ribbon AC mitigation ampacity grounding systems laboratory tests INTRODUCTION The long-term trend in North America and other countries worldwide is shared land use for pipelines and other utilities. This movement has increased the number of overhead high...