A literature survey was performed to understand field methods to measure pipe “off” potentials without the need of interrupting all current sources, or in the presence of stray currents or connected sacrificial anodes. These methods were developed prior to and evaluated in the 1980s. Early field validation tests showed their reasonable performance. Although the merits of these methods may not be obvious when the -850 mV “on” potential criterion is used, it is useful if an “off” potential criterion is desired and the current sources cannot all be interrupted. This paper reports the theory behind each method, the field validation results, and the practical procedures for using them.

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