The use of higher temperatures and higher pressures in steam boilers and turbines allows for increased efficiencies, which increases the amount of energy and decreases the emissions from a given amount of fuel. Extensive development of high strength ferritic steels has occurred, and is continuing, for use in boilers and turbines. Ferritic steels are widely used with steam temperatures of 565°C. The limit for ferritic steels is believed to be about 650°C. Research efforts throughout the world are underway to increase steam temperatures to 650°C, 700°C, and 760°C using ferritic steels, austenitic steels, high-nickel alloys, and nickel-based superalloys. Selected topics are presented to provide a background into the development of ultra supercritical power generation, including background on boiler systems, water properties, the steam cycle, worldwide research efforts, materials requirements, proposed alloys, and corrosion in supercritical steam.

Subject
Ferritic steel, Costs, Vapor pressure, Water, Materials, Composition, Nickel based alloys, Turbines, Superalloys, Steel, Boilers, Corrosion resistance, Steam
Keywords:
Supercritical, Ultra Supercritical, Steam, Corrosion, Oxidation, Benefits, Ferritic Steels, Austenitic Steels, Nickel Base Alloys
Government work published by the Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP) with permission of the author(s). Positions and opinions advanced in this work are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of AMPP. Responsibility for the content of the work lies solely with the author(s).
2004
GOV
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