The availability of waste-to-energy (WTE) boilers has increased in recent years as improvements in design and operating practice have been incorporated, such that unexpected tube failures are relatively uncommon in modern units. Fireside corrosion still is a problem, however, and there are benefits to be gained from implementing the best available practices in all units, which includes better materials selection. A review of the types of problems encountered in modern WTE units led to a categorization of four types of boiler tube failures that are specific to waste-firing. These are described in this paper, along with the understanding of the causes, and the approaches that are available to overcome them.

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