Materials research has led to the selection of alloys and identification of operating conditions that enable substantial increases in steam production and thermal efficiency in the sulfuric acid manufacturing process. Corrosion mechanisms in concentrated (98 to 100%) sulfuric acid change significantly at elevated temperature, and selected stainless steels are found to have unexpected low corrosion rates at temperatures ranging from 120°C to over 200°C. Corrosion resistance can be related to the concentrations of major alloying elements.

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