A basic solar energy system can be designed according to any of a wide variety of concepts, i.e., there is no single concept that comes to mind when one pictures a solar water heater, as there is with a gas or electric water heater. The factors the designer may wish to take into account when selecting materials of construction for solar systems are likely to be unique to his or her concept, but two things are certain: first, because the initial installed cost of a solar system is likely to be high compared to more conventional heating/cooling systems, the solar system must have a long, maintenance free life to offset its initial cost and second, any record of early equipment failures or unexpectedly high maintenance costs to the consumer could be extremely damaging to the near-term future of the solar equipment market.

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