Stainless steels for corrosion service are commonly specified on the basis of properties determined for wrought products such as sheet or plate. However in cases where the corrosion environment is such that the wrought material has only marginally acceptable corrosion resistance, corrosion failures are very often associated with welds. Such is the case in pulp bleach plants where austenitic stainless steel is the most common material of construction. Here for example the traditionally used 316L is becoming unacceptable for many components with the widespread trend to higher process temperatures and lower pH, and to higher chloride concentrations (1,2).

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