Calcium oxalate scale is frequently encountered in the sugar refining and paper making processes. This paper outlines a simple index for the prediction of calcium oxalate scale. The development of a more refined index, based upon free ion concentrations, is also discussed.

Subject
Water, Materials, Thermodynamics, Saturation, Carbonate scales, Solubility, Calcium, Oxalic acid, Acidity, Ion concentrations, Scale formation, Calcium oxalate, Scale
© 2002 Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without the prior written permission of AMPP. Positions and opinions advanced in this work are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of AMPP. Responsibility for the content of the work lies solely with the author(s).
2002
Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP)
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