Millions of dollars are spent each year on equipment repair and replacement costs, lost production due to downtime, workover costs, chemical treatment, sampling and analyses, and radioactive waste control caused by NORM deposits all due to scale build-up in the production and refining of hydrocarbons. Although the technology exists in many cases to eliminate or more economically treat a scaling problem, this technology is sometimes slow to be utilized in the oil field. Problems can begin with sampling the produced water and continue through the scale analysis project. Procedures and chemicals for the treatment of scale in a particular field may be controlling the problem, but may not have changed for years since those procedures and chemicals were chosen. Many companies have in-house experts, however, others need to upgrade their in-house level of expertise and be aware of new technology as it becomes available.

Subject
Water, Precipitation (solids), Alkalinity, Solubility, Acidity, Corrosion inhibitors, Equipment, Scale, Brines, Scaling, Samples, Sampling, Oil
Keywords:
scale, scale prediction, inhibitors, treatment, sampling, analyses, chemicals, inhibitor squeeze
© 1992 Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without the prior written permission of AMPP. Positions and opinions advanced in this work are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of AMPP. Responsibility for the content of the work lies solely with the author(s).
1992
Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP)
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