A constant composition method is described for the study of scale formation at heated metal shell surfaces in a closed loop flow apparatus. The activities of all ionic species in the cooling water were maintained constant by the automatic replenishment of calcium and sulfate ions controlled by a specific calcium electrode. Heat transfer coefficients, fluid dynamics, and metal surface corrosion could be carefully controlled. The scale deposited on an Admiralty brass shell was examined microscopically during the crystallization reaction and the kinetics of scaling was investigated under highly reproducible conditions. It was found that cathodic protection of the brass surface completely inhibited calcium sulfate scale formation.

Subject
Steel surfaces, Glass, Metal surfaces, Tubes, Calcium, Constants, Corrosion scales, Bubbling, Metals, Scale formation, Calcium sulfate, Scale, Electrodes
© 1981 Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without the prior written permission of AMPP. Positions and opinions advanced in this work are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of AMPP. Responsibility for the content of the work lies solely with the author(s).
1981
Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP)
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