The principle of protecting a metal from corrosion by raising the potential of its surface to a value at which the corrosion product is a protective oxide has been recognized for 20 years.(1) However, industrial application has been slow to develop, probably for two reasons. Firstly, skepticism among design engineers that a costly piece of equipment could be protected from serious corrosion by only a few amperes of DC current and a "black box." Secondly, and probably contributory to the first, the control and electrical side of the protection system was not of high enough standard to guarantee trouble-free operation of anodic protection systems in the field.

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