Requirements for residual stress control to prevent anodic stress-corrosion cracking and hydrogen-induced sulfide stress cracking may significantly affect the delivery/lead time and materials selection for heat exchangers. This study reports microhardness, residual stress and environmental cracking test results for duplex stainless steels and austenitic stainless steels with residual stresses from heat exchanger fabrication operations including high surface area tube forming and hair-pin bend formation. The ASTM E837, ASTM G36 and NACE TM0177 methods are used to judge the risk of the as-fabricated conditions and the efficacy of residual stress control measures including solution annealing, stabilizing heat treatments, resistance-heating stress relief and the imposition of residual compressive stress fields. Alloys tested include the austenitic AISI types 304, 316, 321 and duplex type 2205.

Subject
Test methods, Water, Materials, Tubes, Penetrants, Tube samples, U bends, Tensile stress, Duplex stainless steel, Stainless steel, Cracks, Heat treatment, Residual stress
Keywords:
Heat exchangers, austenitic stainless steel, duplex stainless steel, residual stress, environmentally assisted cracking
© 2009 Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without the prior written permission of AMPP. Positions and opinions advanced in this work are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of AMPP. Responsibility for the content of the work lies solely with the author(s).
2009
Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP)
You do not currently have access to this content.