Blistering and microcracking (or fissuring) in a precharged specimen of rail steel were examined using optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In-situ initiation of the blister and microcrack was observed through repeatedly charging a TEM sample. The result indicated that the blister formed first during charging, and then the microcrack initiated at the wall of the blister because of a synergistic effect between hydrogen enrichment and increasing hydrogen pressure.

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