Major objectives in treating cooling water are reviewed and steps suggested for controlling scale formation. Effects of cooling tower operation on water and water treatments are considered and the effects of pH, blowdown control and low-alkalinity makeup described.

Factors involved in choosing a water treatment system are considered, and some examples of successful systems described. Significance and control of fouling is discussed and the effect of biological agents and treatment chemicals on tower wood detailed.

4.6.4, 5.7.7, 5.7.8, 3.3.2

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