An analysis is made of the role of impurities in the oxidation of metals. The various impurities are considered in terms of their effects on the physical and chemical structure of the oxide, oxide-metal interface and metal. Eight types of effects are discussed and where experimental data are available these data are used to illustrate the nature of the effect. The eight types of effects are: (1) formation of new oxide of impurity atoms in outer layer, (2) formation of mixed oxides or spinels, (3) formation of impurity atom oxide in inner layer, (4) change in conductivity of oxide film, (5) change in physical properties and adhesive properties of oxide and oxide-alloy interface, (6) formation of inclusions and other defects in the metal, (7) concentration of impurities at the grain boundaries of the metal and (8) surface oxideimpurity atom reaction with volatile reaction product. 3.7.2
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December 1956
Research Article|
December 01 1956
Role of Minor Elements In the Oxidation of Metals★ Available to Purchase
Earl A. Gulbransen
Earl A. Gulbransen
EARL A. GULBRANSEN—For the past 15 years he has worked in the high temperature oxidation and corrosion fields at Westinghouse Research Laboratories, where he is now advisory chemist. He was a post-doctoral National Research Council fellow and research associate at the Univesrity of California in Berkeley. In 1936 he accepted a position as instructor in chemistry and chemical engineering at Tufts College, Medford, Mass. He has a BS in chemical engineering, State College of Washington (1931) and as graduate assistant at the University of Pittsburgh in 1931-34 he obtained a PhD in physical chemistry. In 1952 he was given the NACE Whitney Award.
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CORROSION (1956) 12 (12): 61–67.
Article history
Received:
April 06 1956
