Search Results for steel

...Electrochemical characterization was performed on near-equiatomic nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA), Al₂Cr₅Cu₅Fe₅₃Ni₃₅ high entropy alloy (HEA), and UNS S31603 stainless steel to assess and compare the corrosion behavior and resistance...

... in the Dissolution of Passive Films on the Austenitic Stainless-Steel Weld Metals ,” Journal of Materials Science Letters   1 , 8 ( 1999 ): pp. 823 – 826 . 9 Kain , V. , “ Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) in Stainless Steels ,” In: Stress Corrosion Cracking ( Cambridge, United...

... 10 or SSPC-SP 11 cleanliness. Recyclable ferrous metallic abrasive materials conforming to AB 3 of 2.5 (the standards for abrasives on navy ships) may be used as an abrasive blast media for steel substrates. Cleanliness of recyclable ferrous metallic abrasive materials shall be measured...

... biofilms and calcareous deposits. The presence of a marine biofilm on the cathode has been observed to enhance oxygen reduction. This is the case for high alloy stainless steels and nickel-chromium-molybdenum (Ni-Cr-Mo) alloys where the marine biofilm in natural seawater forms within a short duration...

...References References 1 Francis , R. , The Corrosion of Duplex Stainless Steels: A Practical Guide for Engineers ( Houston, TX : NACE International , 2018 ). 2 NORSOK M-630 (latest edition) , “ Material Data Sheets for Piping ,” Edition 5 ( Oslo, Norway : Standards...

... degradation but also the stainless steel electrochemical potentials, as discussed later. In terms of metals, copper alloys are not often used in this section because of their negative effect on membrane performance and produced water quality. However, nickel aluminum bronze (NAB) has been used for seawater...

... , Downhole Drilling Tools , Gulf Publishing , Houston, TX , 2007 . 4 J.W.   Fourie , A.P.   Bentley , High Manganese High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steels , ASM International , OH , 1992 . 5 G.   Stein , I.   Hucklenbroich , H.   Feichtinger , Current and Future...

... Pipelines are usually made of carbon steels, which show either active dissolution or passivity in near-neutral pH bicarbonate or high pH carbonate–bicarbonate solutions, respectively. ³ Thus, it is expected that pitting corrosion on pipelines would initiate and grow through different mechanisms...

... materials have been suggested, although they have not yet been included in MED specifications. These include thin superferritic stainless steel (compositions in appendix ), and conductive polymer composites. ^{3 , 4} Superferritic stainless steels were suggested based on their thermal...

....   Byrne , “ Gasket Selection for Stainless Steels in Seawater ,” Materials Performance   46 , 10 ( 2007 ): p. 50 . 5 Meroufel , A. , “ Corrosion Control During Acid Cleaning of Heat Exchangers ,” In: Corrosion and Fouling Control in Desalination Industry ( Cham...

..., as observed in desalination topic publications. For more than 50 years, carbon steel dominated flash chamber construction materials except for the high temperature stages in the heat recovery section where it is clad with 316L or 317L stainless steels on the brine side. Stage dividers were made of painted...

... sensing devices in the drill string has driven the demand for nonmagnetic drill collars. Among the alloys used for nonmagnetic drill collars, high-nickel alloys (such as Monel K500) and traditional low-carbon stainless steels (such as type 316L) have been most widely used. Many nonmagnetic drill collars...

...References References 1 NORSOK M-001 (latest edition) , “ Materials Selection ,” Edition 5 ( Oslo, Nor-way : Standards Norway , September   2014 ). 2 Olsson , C-O.A. , “ Wet Corrosion of Stainless Steels and Other Chromium Bearing Alloys .” In: Encyclopedia of Interfacial...

... for materials selection are the cost of a component that is new or an upgrade from a corroded carbon steel component to a corrosion resistant alloy (CRA), and the cost for a new installation of cathodic protection equipment. “Operating costs” (OPEX) – An operating cost is an expense required for the day...

... minute (rpm), which in turn spins the blast wheel, measured in amperes. The blast wheel is made up of interchangeable steel blades ( Figure 1.3 ), which propels the media towards the surface. The media is fed through a hopper from which the operator can control the amount of blast media that drops...

...-performance coating can reduce the CP current demand for corrosion protection. The amount of the required CP current is dependent on the coating properties and the percentage of the coating damage. When the coating has failed (e.g., the coating contains defects or is disbonded from the substrate steel...

... Institute , 2016 ). 2. R.F.A.   Pettersson and E.   Johansson , “ Stress Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Grades ,” Duplex Stainless Steels 2010 ( Zutphen, Netherlands : KCI Publishing , 2010 ). 3. R.J.   Gerlock and J.D.   Fritz , “ Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance...