...Abstract A hydrophobic electroless nickel-phosphorus (ENP) coating material has been developed to reduce corrosion-induced iron sulfide scale deposition. The ENP coating has several key advantages to provide corrosion resistance for sour oil and gas applications, including a level of phosphorus...

...). The polar groups allow asphaltene to adher to hydrophilic (polar) surface through chemical interactions, including hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces. ¹³ Abstract In searching for dual-action coatings, capable of combatting the deposition of calcium carbonate scale as well as asphaltene...

... the source of integrity and scaling issues in the system and developing a tailor-made chemical solution. In the first case study, black solids were noticed in the vapour recovery unit (VRU) after several years of operations, whilst in the second one, calcium carbonate and iron (II) oxide were predominantly...

... chemical treatment is considered as a cost-effective approach to prevent scale formation and minimize corrosion to control feeding chemicals, tracers can be formulated into scale and corrosion inhibitor for the dosage monitoring. This paper presents both laboratory and operation studies of fluorescein...

...Production was initially started in May 1995, with sea water (SW) injection commencing in July 1995. There were 6 production wells and 4 injection wells. Most of the producers were squeezed for scale inhibition but these squeezes were of limited volume and unknown frequency. In addition, there were...

... and safety hazards from boiler tube failures. Deposits Corrosion Mechanisms Metallurgical Failures Scale Water Treatment INTRODUCTION In late 2021, several leaks were observed inside the waste heat boiler coil of the steam reformer furnace at the refinery. The leaks were located in the first row...

... and growth of sparingly soluble salts, possibly through the development of locally high supersaturation because of surface complexation. Poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate graphene oxide (GO) reduced Graphene oxide (rGO) coatings hydroxyapatite scale inhibition INTRODUCTION FTIR Spectroscopic Analysis...

...a = γ × C SR is the saturation ratio and α is the activity of the separate species. α₁ and α₂ are the activity of scaling cation and anion in the solution respectively. K is the solubility product, which depends...

... tubing blockage which limits well intervention. The corrosion underneath the iron sulfide deposition is another issue in the sour oil wells. This underneath corrosion has been observed after mechanical de-scaling treatment. Similar to the ununiform distribution of iron sulfide deposition in the downhole...

...-polymeric, and formulated products as siliceous deposit control agents are presented. Additionally, information on morphology of various siliceous deposits formed is discussed. siliceous scale mitigation antiscalant type efficacy precipitate characterization INTRODUCTION Mechanisms of Siliceous Scale...

... complexes have strong influence on the aqueous soluble zinc solubility. This new model with accurate ZnS solubility prediction will help field operators to better control the ZnS scaling and corrosion problem. zinc sulfide scale solubility modeling high temperature high pressure high TDS ion complexes...