... conditions. This paper explores considerations for two scenarios: a pipeline that had not previously been exposed to H₂S repurposed for a stream of CO₂ now containing H₂S and a pipeline that had been previously exposed to H₂S repurposed for use with a clean...

... impact integrity. This paper discusses these issues and provides a pathway to a storage assessment for UHS from the material integrity perspective. underground hydrogen storage UHS impurity contamination H₂S MIC INTRODUCTION Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) offers an appealing option...

...Corrosion and materials performance are key considerations in the practical design and operation of Carbon Dioxide capture and storage (CCS) systems. Materials resistance to H₂S-related cracking is a mature area with guidance provided in NACE MR0175/ISO 15156. However, dense phase...

...The present study was designed to evaluate the long-term corrosion behavior of 3Cr and 13Cr steels in a single-phase flow environment containing aqueous carbon dioxide (CO₂), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), and dissolved chlorides (Cl^-). Long-duration tests, each lasting 40...

...Abstract Both H₂S and CO₂, ubiquitous in hydrocarbon production and processing, have the potential to severely compromise asset integrity. While both are corrosive, H₂S containing environments can be particularly aggressive, causing more rapid and severe corrosion...

...NACE MR0175 / ISO15156 is the global standard for metallic materials suitability for H₂S-containing (sour) oil and gas production environments. For carbon and low alloy steels, it currently advises suitability based on four (4) regions of environmental severity with respect to sulfide...

... gas production CO₂ H₂S INTRODUCTION The West Kuwait (WK) area is a critical region for oil and gas production in Kuwait, managed by Kuwait Oil Company (KOC). The fields in this area produce light to medium crude oil characterized by a high sulfur content. Production facilities...

...Abstract Sour corrosion and cracking damage due to hydrogen sulphide is a common theme across many processes, materials, equipment types, and industries. Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) also represents a significant health and safety risk if a failure results in a leak. Sour damage mechanisms...

... in H₂O vapor with H₂S and CO₂ gases for 168 hr in a high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) autoclave. The results showed that both materials had low uniform corrosion rates (CR) (<0.1 mm/year) but were prone to localized corrosion in the form of pitting. The low CR...

... industrial emitters, each CCS project need to establish CO₂ specifications to ensure safe operations, given the lack of standardized guidelines. These specifications delineate upper limits for critical impurities. In a CO₂ stream containing H₂S, oxygen (O₂...

.... Implications of these results on the limits recommended in ISO15156 / NACE MR0175 are discussed. S32205 Duplex Repassivation SSC SSRT RLT Electrochemical Pre-pits H₂S CO₂ INTRODUCTION Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) such as UNS S32205/UNS S31803 (or hereafter mentioned as 2205...

... as-delivered OCTG tubulars. The tubulars were subjected to a variety of test conditions including two temperatures, 4°C and 24°C, internal pressures ranging from 550 to 1,100 bar, and exposure to a modified NACE TM0177 Solution B equilibrated with 7% H₂S/N₂ gas purge. The applied pressure...

... factors related to hydrogen transport, deformation mode, and strain rate. The model tries to encapsulate the state of knowledge in this area and tests the outcomes in terms of probability of HSC. The sensitivity of the model to input variables is assessed. Hydrogen Stress Cracking H₂S sour...

... for some North Sea Continental Shelf. It is anticipated that salt deposits will form on downhole components. Although superalloys are known to be resistant to corrosion and pit formation, the effects of high chloride concentration together with H₂S and CO₂ is not generally reported...

... software, was used to establish the downhole environment and estimate the corrosion rate for UNS S39274 material. Thermodynamic modeling was used to determine the scaling tendency, chloride concentration, pH, H₂S and CO₂ partial pressure, and fugacity at several depths inside the well...

... Amine Treatment Acid Gas H₂S CO₂ Ratio Sour H₂S Corrosion CO₂ Corrosion Integrity Operating Windows BACKGROUND New gas sweetening trains were built based on geochemical analysis of the feed gas to process sour gas that has 1.21% mol acid gas. However...

... of field applications. Corrosion perforated polymer lined pipelines CO₂ H₂S computational modelling electrochemistry INTRODUCTION (1) C O 2 ( g ) ⇌ C O 2 ( a q ) * (2) H 2 S ( g ) ⇌ H 2 S ( a q ) (3) C O 2 ( a q...

... is needed to highlight the effect of this parameter. H₂S Duplex stainless steel Austenite spacing Ssrt Stress Corrosion Cracking INTRODUCTION In a nice study using scanning Kelvin probe microscopy, Örnek at al. ⁴ demonstrated that the effect is correlated to the strain...

...Internal corrosion sour system pitting inspection H₂S corrosion products mackinawite k-mean clustering INTRODUCTION In pipeline corrosion management practice, one challenge is how to locate the most corrosive area along the right-of-way of an existing pipeline. Pipeline networks...

...Abstract The need for high-performing, corrosion-resistant alloys in oil and gas clad applications are increasing as more owner/operators move drilling operations offshore, into harsher conditions to tap petroleum reserves, which often contains more hydrogen sulphide (H₂S). Explosion...