... to be useful tools capable of producing valuable data both on pipeline design (on a case-by-case basis) and in support of model development. CO₂ corrosion Top of line corrosion Hungry water carryover INTRODUCTION Top of line corrosion (TLC) is a phenomenon occurring in carbon steel pipelines...

... 10⁷ Reynolds number ^{17 , 18} . This depends on the gas velocity, pipe diameter, and viscosity. Many researchers investigated the effect of flow on pipeline CO₂ corrosion, and they found that an increase in flow may lead to an increase in the corrosion rate in cases where...

..., or seawater, which typically results from breach in the outer sheath. ² The CO₂ present in the bore of the pipe permeates through the inner polymer layers and into the annulus, where it combines with water to form carbonic acid. CO₂ corrosion of the steel wires occurs...

... corrosion control measures to mitigate associated risks. The insights and conclusions provide a clear path forward for addressing corrosion challenges in similar amine systems, fostering safer and more efficient operations in the industry. Corrosion Control CO₂ Corrosion Amine Corrosion...

... to protect steel pipelines. CO₂ corrosion natural gas pipelines coatings hydrophobicity Carbon steel INTRODUCTION To enhance the long-term corrosion resistance of the internal coatings, several studies were performed on reducing the permeability of the coating and reducing the contact area...

... temperatures due to localized supersaturation condition, which were not present in the control environment. carbon steel CO₂ corrosion sweet corrosion top of the line corrosion water condensation rate EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Materials and Chemicals The metal used for the TLC tests was made...

... taken at intervals to track inhibitor performance over time. corrosion inhibitor persistency batch inhibition CO₂ corrosion INTRODUCTION All experiments were done in a 3-electrode glass cell apparatus connected to a 350 gallon (1325 liter) tank and the effluent container ( Figure 1a...

... (FeCO₃) crystals were also detected in the mixed and vapor phase conditions but were detected in significantly lower quantities than Fe₃O₄. carbon steel CO₂ corrosion magnetite iron carbonate geothermal environment INTRODUCTION Carbon steel is widely used...

..., showcasing their practical viability and economic benefits. CO₂ corrosion carbon steel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor products Pitting LPR CP EIS RCA Weldment Test INTRODUCTION Corrosion remains one of the most critical challenges in the oil and gas industry, posing significant risks...

... analyses of water and solids, bacterial counts by serial dilution and qPCR were carried out. The primary corrosion mechanism was identified as CO₂ corrosion, with potential exacerbation by MIC and UDC. The paper outlines mitigation and control strategies, including chemical treatments...

... consideration of material upgrading, oxygen content control and the use of corrosion inhibitors, it was concluded that the combined use of low alloy steel and corrosion inhibitors may be a relatively more practical and economical solution. Gas injection Oxygen corrosion CO₂ corrosion Localized...

... conditions be comparable, but so too should the governing geometry of the diffusion process. Iron carbonate CO₂ corrosion Precipitation rate Kinetics Geometry INTRODUCTION The mineral iron carbonate (siderite) ¹ has been the subject of multiple areas of scientific investigation...

.... This has significant implications for the behavior of formulated products which contain not only a mixture of homologues but also a mixture of functionalities. CO₂ corrosion partitioning corrosion inhibitors micelle CMC salinity INTRODUCTION Corrosion inhibitors are a proven cost-effective...

..., a concept for drawing domain maps for material selection for CCS tubing applications was explained, and then domain maps of 17Cr under several conditions were presented. CCS CCUS CO₂ injection CO₂ corrosion martensite-based (martensitic) stainless steel INTRODUCTION Carbon Capture...

... supercritical CO₂ and contributes as input for material selection and identification of corrosion mitigation initiatives by gaining experimental data. CO₂ corrosion supercritical CO₂ CCS corrosion testing INTRODUCTION CO₂ corrosion is a main corrosion driver well...

.... Measurements CO₂ Corrosion carbon steel FeCO₃ electrochemistry EIS LPR autoclaves INTRODUCTION Carbon dioxide (CO₂) induced corrosion of carbon steel pipelines often results in the formation of carbonate layers on the steel surface. Fe²⁺ released during anodic...

... in CO₂ streams, it may result in corrosion and hydrate formation. Hydrates may clog the pipeline and it can be a long process to remove hydrate plugs. Although CO₂ corrosion and CO₂ hydrate have been well studied as separate phenomena, little is known about the potential corrosion...

... to suppress carbon steel corrosion more effectively than the two components alone under these particular conditions. CO₂ Corrosion partitioning corrosion inhibitors micelle CMC salinity INTRODUCTION In Part 1 of this two-part paper, an idealized model was developed to understand...

... modified 13CR (Mod. 13CR), 15CR, 17CR steels have good corrosion resistance in terms of the corrosion rate, resistance to localized corrosion and resistance to SCC under the SO₂ and NO₂ contaminated conditions. CCS CCUS CO₂ corrosion CO₂ injection martensite...

... of FeCO₃ contribute towards improved corrosion protection. The implementation of protective corrosion product layers into existing CO₂ corrosion models therefore relies on numerous theoretical assumptions. Comprehensive CO₂ corrosion models that can account for the influence...